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Pharm > Anti-Hyperlipidemics > Flashcards

Anti-Hyperlipidemics Flashcards

1
Q

What is the function of NPN1L1?

A

allows cholesterol to enter the enterocyte

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2
Q

What enzyme esterifies cholesterol inside of the enterocyte?

A

ACAT

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3
Q

What is the function of Apolipoprotein C-II?

A

lipoprotein lipase cofactor

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4
Q

What is the function of Lipoprotein Lipase?

A

breaks down chylomicron to be used by tissues

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5
Q

What is the largest component of VLDLs?

A

triglycerides

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6
Q

What is the ratio of triglyceride to cholesterol esters in VLDL?

A

5:1

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7
Q

What is the ratio of triglyceride to cholesterol esters in IDL?

A

1:1

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8
Q

What is the function of ApoB 100?

A

LDL receptor ligand

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9
Q

What are the two fibrates?

A

Gemfibrozil and Fenofibrate

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10
Q

What are the three MOAs of fibrates?

A

large decrease VLDL

small decrease in LDL

small increase in IDL

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11
Q

What receptor do fibrates bind?

A

PPAR

increased expression of LDL

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12
Q

What two apolipoproteins does PPAR activate?

A

A-I and A-II

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13
Q

What are the three bile acid binding resins?

A

Cholestyramine, Colestipol, Colesevelam

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14
Q

What is the main adverse effect of bile acid binding resins?

A

increase triglyceride levels

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15
Q

What is the MOA of Niacin?

A

inhibits adipocyte hormone sensitive lipase

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16
Q

What two lipoproteins does niacin decrease the synthesis of?

A

VLDL and LDL

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17
Q

Which apolipoprotein can niacin activate?

A

A-I

18
Q

What causes the flushing associated with Niacin?

A

release of prostacyclin

19
Q

What drug can reduce the flushing associated with niacin?

A

NSAIDs

20
Q

What metabolite do pt’s taking NIACIN run the risk of increasing?

A

uric acid

21
Q

What statin can be safely used with niacin?

A

fluvostatin

22
Q

Which statin shouldnt be used with niacin?

A

lovastatin

23
Q

What drug inhibits cholesterol absorption?

A

ezetimibe

24
Q

What is the MOA of ezetimibe? What does this lead to?

A

blocks NPC1 like protein on enterocytes?

decreased absorption of cholesterol

25
Q

What is the magic number for statins?

A

10 yr cholesterol risk greater than 7.5%

26
Q

What is the MOA of all statins?

A

HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitors

27
Q

What is the one potential adverse effect of statins?

A

Myopathy

28
Q

What two enzymes can be increased in pt’s taking statins?

A

AST and ALT

29
Q

What causes familial hyperchylomicronemia?

A

LPL defect

30
Q

What causes familial hypertriglyceridemia?

A

impaired removal or VLDL or chylomicrons

31
Q

What causes familial combined hyperlipoproteinemia?

A

increased VLDL production

32
Q

What causes familial dysbetalipoproteinemia?

A

absence of ApoE

33
Q

Accordig to Wauson, which two receptors bind HDL?

A

SRB1 and A1

34
Q

What acute disease will physicians attempt to prevent during severe dyslipidemia?

A

acute pancreatitis

35
Q

What causes familial hypercholesterolemia?

A

LDL receptor defect

36
Q

What deleterious effect of statins can niacin exacerbate?

A

myopathy

37
Q

What is the least potent statin?

A

fluvastatin

38
Q

What are the two most potent statins?

A

atorvastatin

rosuvastatin

39
Q

What is a side effect of patients taking high potency statins?

A

liver damage

40
Q

What enzyme can niacin decrease the activity of?

A

hormone sensitive lipase

41
Q

Which apolipoprotein can niacin activate?

A

A-I

Pharm (12 decks)

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