4.1 Flashcards
The program used to get a computer started. BIOS is a legacy system that has been replaced by UEFI.
Basic Input/Output System
A program used to start a computer system. It replaced BIOS.
Unified Extensible Firmware Interface
The act of starting a computer, also referred to as powering the computer on.
Boot
Software that is embedded in hardware, usually on a read-only memory (ROM) chip.
firmware
A software program that controls the process of loading the operating system.
boot manager / bootloader
A technology for constructing integrated circuits that efers to the system configuration stored in a battery-powered memory chip used on computers.
Complementary Metal-oxide Semiconductor
(CMOS)
A software process that verifies that computer hardware works properly.
POST
A system software programs use to identify the location of a data object.
globally unique Identifier
A legacy system that refers the to the boot sector on a hard disk or other storage device. The boot sector contains files required for starting a computer.
Master Boot Record
(MBR)
The partitioning scheme used by UEFI. ESP is the format used for the boot sector where the operating system and utilities for starting a computer are stored.
Extensible Firmware Interface Partition
(ESP)
init is the first process started when booting a Linux system. Init is a daemon process that continues running until the system is shut down. It is the direct or indirect ancestor of all other processes and automatically adopts all orphaned processes. init is a legacy process that has been replaced by systemd.
init
initramfs is used as the first root filesystem that your machine has access to. It is used for mounting the real rootfs, which has all of your data.
initramfs
The partition at the top of the directory tree. It contains all of the programs and files necessary for running Linux. It is the root file system and is represented by a forward slash (/).
root partition
s the process whereby a computer initially boots from firmware installed on the computer’s network card, When the client computer boots, it sends out an initial request for a PXE server. If a server that hears this request uses PXE, it sends the client a list of boot servers that contain the bootloaders available.
The Preboot eXecution Environment
using __________ a computer can download and run Linux without the need to install the operating system to its local hard drive.
pxe boot
