4.1 Energy Changes In A System And The Ways Energy Is Stored Before And After Such Changes

Question 1

What is a system?

Answer 1

An object or group of objects

Question 2

What is kinetic energy?

Answer 2

The energy an object has because it’s moving

Question 3

What is chemical energy?

Answer 3

Fuels food or the chemical found in batteries and the energy is transferred during chemical reactions

Question 4

What is gravitational potential energy?

Answer 4

Energy stored in an object because of its position such as an object above the ground

Question 5

What is elastic potential energy?

Answer 5

The energy stored in a springy object when you stretch or squash it

Question 6

What is thermal energy?

Answer 6

The end substance has because of its temperature

Question 7

What is the equation for kinetic energy?

Answer 7

0.5 x massx speed squared

Question 8

What is the symbol for kinetic energy?

Answer 8

Ek

Question 9

What is the symbol for mass?

Answer 9

m

Question 10

What is the symbol for speed?

Answer 10

V

Question 11

What is kinetic energy measured in?

Answer 11

Joules J

Question 12

What is mass measured in ?

Answer 12

Kg

Question 13

What is speed measured in ?

Answer 13

Metres per second m/s

Question 14

What is the equation for elastic potential energy?

Answer 14

0.5 x spring constant x extension squared

Question 15

What is the symbol for elastic potential energy?

Answer 15

Ee

Question 16

What is the symbol for spring constant?

Answer 16

K

Question 17

What is the symbol for extension?

Answer 17

e

Question 18

What is elastic potential energy measured in ?

Answer 18

Joules J

Question 19

What is spring constant measured in?

Answer 19

Newtons per metre N/m

Question 20

What is extension measured in?

Answer 20

Metres m

Question 21

What is the era for gravitational potential energy?

Answer 21

Mass x gravitational field strength x height

Question 22

What is the symbol for gravitational potential energy?

Answer 22

Ep

Question 23

What is the symbol for gravitational field strength?

Answer 23

g

Question 24

What is the symbol of height?

Answer 24

h

Question 25

What is gravitational potential energy measured in?

Answer 25

Joules j

Question 26

What is gravitational field strength measured in?

Answer 26

Newtons per kilogram N/kg

Question 27

What is height measured in?

Answer 27

Metres m

Question 28

What is the equation for specific heat capacity?

Answer 28

Change in thermal energy = mass c specific heat capacity x temperature change

Question 29

What is the symbol for change in thermal energy?

Answer 29

🔼E

Question 30

What is the symbol for specific heat capacity?

Answer 30

C

Question 31

What is the symbol for temperature change?

Answer 31

🔼o

Question 32

What is change in thermal energy measured in?

Answer 32

Joules J

Question 33

What is specific heat capacity measured in?

Answer 33

Joules per kilogram per degree celsius J/kgdegrees c

Question 34

What is temperature change measured in

Answer 34

Degrees Celsius

Question 35

What is specific heat capacity?

Answer 35

The amount of energy required to raise the temperature of one kilogram of the substance by one degree Celsius

Question 36

What is power?

Answer 36

The rate at which energy is transferred or the rate at which work is done

Question 37

What is the equation for power 1?

Answer 37

Energy transferred / time

Question 38

What is the equation for power 2?

Answer 38

Worked done / time

Question 39

What is the symbol for power?

Answer 39

P

Question 40

What is the symbol for energy transferred?

Answer 40

E

Question 41

What is the symbol for time?

Answer 41

t

Question 42

What is the symbol for work done?

Answer 42

W

Question 43

What is power measured in?

Answer 43

Watts W

Question 44

What is energy transferred measured in ?

Answer 44

Joules J

Question 45

What is time measured in?

Answer 45

Seconds s

Question 46

What is work done measured in J

Question 47

What is an energy transferred measured of 1 joule per second equal to?

Answer 47

A power of 1 watt

Question 48

Why is the conservation of energy?

Answer 48

Energy can be transferred usefully stored or dissipated but cannot be created or destroyed

Question 49

If there is energy transfers in a closed system will there be e a change to the total energy?

Answer 49

When there are energy transfers in a closed system there is no net change to the total energy

Question 50

What is a closed system?

Answer 50

A system in which no energy transfers take place out of or into the energy stores of the system

Question 51

What is wasted energy?

Answer 51

The energy that is not useful energy and is transferred by an undesired pathway

Question 52

How can you reduce unwanted energy transfers?

Answer 52

Through lubrication and the use of thermal insulation

Question 53

What is higher if the thermal conductivity of a material is higher?

Answer 53

The rate of energy transfer by conduction across the material

Question 54

How is the rate of cooling of a building is affected by the thickness and thermal conductivity of its walls?

Answer 54

Thicker walls and walls with lower thermal conductivity will lead to a slower rate of cooling, while thinner walls and walls with higher thermal conductivity will result in a faster rate of cooling

Question 55

What is the equation for efficiency?

Answer 55

Efficiency = useful output energy transfer/total input energy transfer

Question 56

What is another equation for efficiency?

Answer 56

Useful power output/total power input

Question 57

What are some ways to increase the efficiency of an intended energy transfer?

Answer 57

Lubrication reduces friction preventing heat generation and wasted energy Insulation prevents heat from escaping

Question 58

Compare ways that different energy resources are used?

Answer 58

Fossil fuels are used for transport heating electricity generation . Nuclear fuels are used for energy generation w

Question 59

What are the main energy resources available for use of earth?

Answer 59

Fossil fuels coal oil gas nuclear fuel biofuel wind hydro electricity geothermal the tides the sun and water waves

Question 60

What is a renewable energy resource?

Answer 60

One that is being or can be replenished as it is used

Question 61

What are the uses of energy resources?

Answer 61

Transport electricity generation and heating

Question 62

Why are some energy sources more reliable than others?

Answer 62

due to factors like availability, predictability, and operational characteristics

Question 63

Describe environmental impact arising from the use of different energy resource

Answer 63

Fossil fuels release greenhouse gases, contributing to global warming and climate change. Nuclear power has risks associated with waste disposal and potential accidents, while hydroelectric dams can disrupt river ecosystems

Question 64

Explain patterns and trends in the use of energy resources

Answer 64

patterns demonstrate a shift from traditional fossil fuels towards renewables, driven by increasing global demand, technological advancements, and environmental concerns . electricity use increased as population increased and we use electricity for more things

Question 65

What does science have the ability to identify but don’t have the power to deal with?

Answer 65

Environmental issues arising from the use of energy resources but not always the power to deal with the issues because of political social ethical or economic considerations