4.1.1 Autoimmune Conditions, Antibiotics Flashcards
(18 cards)
Autoimmune conditions are not…
Communicable
Autoimmune conditions are when…
B and T cells stop working correctly and start to attack healthy body tissue, T regulator cells stop working
Some autoimmune conditions can be treated with…
Immunosuppressant drugs
Type 1 diabetes
Autoimmune condition; insulin secreting cells in the pancreas stop working; treatment involves injection of insulin, pancreas transplants, immunosuppressant drugs
Rheumatoid arthritis
Autoimmune condition affecting the joints, especially in the hands, wrists, ankles, feet; can be managed with anti-inflammatory drugs, steroids, immunosuppressants, pain relief; no cure
Antibiotics are…
Chemicals produced by fungi that kill or prevent the growth of bacteria
Antibiotics do not affect…
Viruses, body cells, fungi
Aminoglycosides
Interrupt the bacteria’s ability to make proteins; they cannot reproduce; stops important chemical reactions; eg gentamicin, neomycin
Macrolides
Prevent bacterial protein synthesis, eg clarithromycin, erythromycin
Penicillins
Prevent bacteria cell wall growth; stops bacterial reproduction; eg amoxicillin, penicillin
MRSA
Methicillin - Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus
Where is MRSA carried?
In the nostrils and respiratory tract
MRSA is…
A superbug that is very difficult to treat with antibiotics; a resistant strap of S. Aureus; dangerous if it enters the bloodstream; often spread in hospitals
Stage 1 of antibiotic resistance?
Variation occurs in the bacterial population due to a genetic mutation
Stage 2 of antibiotic resistance?
Some mutated bacteria have resistance to antibiotics- they have a competitive advantage
Stage 3 of antibiotic resistance?
When antibiotics are used, the resistant bacteria are able to survive and reproduce
Stage 4 of antibiotic resistance?
Resistant bacteria pass on their resistance alleles to the next generation
Stage 5 of antibiotic resistance?
The frequency of the resistant allele increases in the population
