4.1.1 Structure, nomenclature and properties of organic compounds

Question 1

organic molecules

Answer 1

carbon atoms linked to each other and non metallic atoms by covalent bonds (containing hydrogen)

Question 2

carbon compound diversity

Answer 2

• 4 valence electrons available to bond with 4 other atoms or single, double and triple bonds with itself
• can form a chain or ring
• substances tend to react with one another to form more stable bonds
• carbon bonds are strong ad hard to break down

Question 3

bond energy

Answer 3

quantity of energy required to break 1 mole of covalent bonds in a gaseous state (measure of bond strength)

Question 4

VSEPR

Answer 4

pairs of electrons in each bond act as negatively charged cloud, repelling each other so bonds are as far apart as possible in 3 dimensions

Question 5

functional group

Answer 5

atom or group of atoms that largely determines molecules properties

Question 6

isomer

Answer 6

molecules that contain same number and type of atoms (same molecular formula) arranged in different ways but different physical and chemical properties
- structural: chain, positional
- stereoisomers: optimal, geometric