vocab 1.2

Question 1

a test of the effect of a single variable by changing it while keeping all other variables the same

Answer 1

controlled experiment

Question 2

factor in experiment that a scientist purposely changes; also known as independent variable.

Answer 2

manipulated variable

Question 3

factor in an experiment that a scientist wants to observe, which may change in response to the manipulated variable; also known as a dependent variable

Answer 3

responding variable

Question 4

well-tested explanation that unifies a broad range of observations.

Answer 4

theory

Question 5

science that seeks to understand the living world

Answer 5

biology

Question 6

collection of living matter enclosed by a barrier that separates the cell from its surroundings; basic building unit of all form of life.

Answer 6

cell

Question 7

process by which two cells from two different parents unite to produce the first cell of a new organism.

Answer 7

sexual reproduction

Question 8

process by which a single parent reproduces by itself

Answer 8

asexual reproduction

Question 9

set of chemical reactions through which an organism builds up or breaks down materials as an organism builds up or breaks down materials as it carries out its life process

Answer 9

metabolism

Question 10

a signal to which an organism responds; any kind of detectable signal that carries information

Answer 10

stimulus

Question 11

process by which organisms maintain a relatively stable internal environment

Answer 11

homeostasis

Question 12

change in kind of organism over time; process by which modern organisms have descended from ancient organisms.

Answer 12

evolution

Question 13

decimal system of measurements based on certain physical standards and scaled on multiples or 10

Answer 13

metric system

Question 14

device that produces magnified images of structures that are too small to see with the naked eye.

Answer 14

microscope

Question 15

microscope that allows light to pass through a specimen and uses two lenses to form an image

Answer 15

compound light microscope

Question 16

microscope that forms an image by focusing beams of electrons onto a specimen

Answer 16

electron microscope

Question 17

group of cells grown in a nutrient solution from a single original cell

Answer 17

cell culture

Question 18

technique in which cells are broken into pieces and the different cell parts are separated.

Answer 18

cell fractionation

Question 19

hypothesis stating that life could arise from non living matter

Answer 19

spontaneous generation