Chapter 2: Oral Environment and Patient Considerations

Question 1

What it the property of a material that allows it not to impede or adversely affect living tissue?

Answer 1

Biocompatible

Question 2

What are materials used to reconstruct tooth structure?

Answer 2

Restorative agents

Question 3

What is the force applied to compress an object?

Answer 3

Compressive force

Question 4

What is the force applied in opposite directions to stretch an object?

Answer 4

Tensile force

Question 5

What is the force applied when two surfaces slide against each other?

Answer 5

Shearing force

Question 6

What is the internal force, which resists the applied force?

Answer 6

Stress

Question 7

What is distortion or deformation that occurs when an object cannot resist a force?

Answer 7

Stain

Question 8

What is a material’s ability to maintain its position without displacement under stress?

Answer 8

Retention

Question 9

What is it called when something is susceptible to being dissolved?

Answer 9

Solubility

Question 10

What is the deterioration of a metal caused by a chemical attack or electrochemical reaction with dissimilar metals in the presence of a solution containing electrolytes (such as saliva)?

Answer 10

Corrosion

Question 11

What is discoloration resulting from oxidation of a thin layer of a metal at its surface. It is not as destructive as corrosion?

Answer 11

Tarnish

Question 12

What is an electrical current transmitted between two dissimilar metals in a solution of electrolytes?

Answer 12

Galvanism

Question 13

This is a change in the size of matter. For dental materials, this usually manifests as expansion caused by heating and contraction caused by cooling.

Answer 13

Dimension change

Question 14

What is the measurement of change in volume or length in relationship to change in temperature?

Answer 14

Coefficient of thermal expansion

Question 15

What is the movement of fluid in the microscopic gap of a restoration margin as a result of differences in the expansion and contraction rates of the tooth and the restoration and temperature changes associated with ingestion of cold or hot fluids or foods?

Answer 15

Percolation

Question 16

What is the rate at which heat flows through a material

Answer 16

Thermal conductivity

Question 17

What is the production of heat resulting from the reaction of the components of some materials when they are mixed?

Answer 17

Exothermic reaction

Question 18

What is it called when objects connect or fasten?

Answer 18

Bonding

Question 19

What is the ability of a liquid to wet or intimately contact a solid surface. Water beading on a waxed car is an example of poor wetting?

Answer 19

Wetting

Question 20

What is the ability of a liquid material to flow?

Answer 20

Viscosity

Question 21

This is the leakage of fluid and bacteria caused by microscopic gaps that occur at the interface of the tooth and the restoration margin.

Answer 21

Micro leakage