chapter 15 male genetalia Flashcards
1
Q
GU pain
A
- sudden distention of ureter, renal pelvis, or bladder may cause flank pn
- pain could be from pyelonephritis or obstructive hydronephrosis
- spasmodic/colicky pn
- lower ureteral dilation, suprapubic pn - pn could be from hernia, hepes zoster, or neurologic in origin
- testicular pn- epididymitis, orchitis, hydrocele, spermatic cord torsion, tumor
- priapism (pnful persistent erection) occurs with sickle cell anemia and leukemia; can lead to erectile disfunction
2
Q
dysuria
A
- refers to pn upon urination (burning) or difficulty urinating
- due to inflammation of lower urinary tract
- pn in penis or suprapubic area
- associated with urgency/frequency
3
Q
pneumaturia
A
- passage of air in urine (“bubbles of gas” in urine)
- indicates fistula in bowel, UTI by bacteria such as e.coli or costridia
4
Q
fecaluria
A
- presence of fecal material in urine
- rare
- due to intestinovescular fistula or urethrorectal fistula from ulceration of bowl to urinary tract
- occurs with diverticulitis, carcinoma, crohn’s
5
Q
changes in urine flow
A
- include frequency and incontinence
- prostatic hyperplasia is most common cause of reduced bladder capacity
- s&s: freq. urination, nocturia, urgency, wk stream, intermittent stream, incomplete emptying
- cystitis causes freq. urination due to irritation of bladder mucosa
- incontinence-prostatic hyperplasia
- chronically distended bladder because of large residual urine - polyuria-dm or di
6
Q
red urine
A
- usually gross hematuria
- blood during initial stream-usual source in urethra
- blood during end stream-indicates disorder at bladder neck or posterior urethra
- blood throughout stream-disease above prostate gland or massive hemorrhage
- red urine occurring 10-14 day after upper respiratory infection may indicate acute glomerulonephritis
7
Q
march hemoglobinuria
A
- intravascular hemolysis and hemoglobinuria resulting in blood in urine
- occurs in pts who participate in strenuous activities causing trauma to blood cells traveling through small vessels in the feet
8
Q
most common symptoms of male genitourinary disease
A
- pain
- dysuria
- change in urine flow
- red urine
- penile discharge
- genital rashes
- penile lesion
- scrotal enlargement
- groin mass/swelling
- erectile dysfunction
- infertility
9
Q
erectile dysfunction
A
- vascular dz (atherostenosis, vascular problems secondary to smoking) may cause
- drug induced (antihypertensives, recreational drugs, frequent etoh)
10
Q
causes of hematuria by age
A
60: prostatic disorder, bladder tumor, acute UTI
11
Q
differential diagnoses of common scrotal swellings
A
epididymitis torsion of testes testis tumor hydrocele spermatocele hernia variocele
12
Q
differential diagnosis of genital papules
A
herpes
condylomata lata
condylomata acuminata
molluscum contagiosum
13
Q
inguinal enlargement
A
- associated with lifting, straining, pain
- assess for change in size-ability to reduce mass
- pain in groin usually associated with activity
14
Q
hydrocele
A
- nontender smooth mass resulting from fluid accumulation
- usually in infants
15
Q
spermatocele
A
- cystic swelling on epididymis
- not as large as hydrocele
