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Nick's Anatomy > Head and neck anatomy > Flashcards

Head and neck anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 5 layers of the scalp?

A

SCALP Skin, connective tissue, aponeurosis, loose connective tissue, periosteum/pericranium

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2
Q

Which muscle’s aponeurosis contributes to the scalp?

A

Occipitofrontalis

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3
Q

Which layer of the scalp has the neurovascular plane?

A

Connective tissue layer

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4
Q

Which pharyngeal arch are all muscle of facial expression derived from?

A

2nd

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5
Q

Where is the C1 dermatome?

A

Nowhere. Because it doesn’t exist

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6
Q

Which artery does the facial artery branch off?

A

External carotid artery

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7
Q

Which artery does the supraorbital artery branch off?

A

Ophthalmic artery

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8
Q

Which artery supplies the lateral side of the scalp?

A

Superficial temporal artery

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9
Q

Where do emissary veins from the face around the nose drain to?

A

Cavernous sinus

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10
Q

What does the parotid gland secrete?

A

Saliva

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11
Q

Which 4 structures are in the parotid gland?

A

1 CN7
2 Retromandibular vein
3 External carotid artery
4 Scattered throughout are the parotid lymph nodes.

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12
Q

Which bone is often fractured in rhinorrhea?

A

Ethmoid bone

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13
Q

What is epistaxis?

A

Blood nose

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14
Q

Damage to which artery causes a gushing epistaxis?

A

Sphenopalantine artery

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15
Q

Which artery supplies the posterior quadrant of the nasal cavity?

A

Sphenopalantine artery

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16
Q

Describe the innervation of the nasal cavity and nasopharynx

A

Anterior-superior aspect innervated by V1 of trigeminal.

Postero-inferior aspect innervated by V2 of trigeminal

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17
Q

At what vertebral level does the pharynx end?

A

C6

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18
Q

Which muscle, when it contracts, opens the eustachean tube?

A

Salpinogopharyngeus

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19
Q

Which muscle forms most of the floor of the mouth?

A

Mylohyoid

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20
Q

Which tongue muscle is controlled by vagus?

A

Palatoglossus

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21
Q

Which muscle is important for protruding the tongue?

A

Genioglossus

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22
Q

Which nerve does general somatic touch for the posterior 1/3 of the tongue?

A

Glossopharyngeal

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23
Q

Which nerve does general somatic touch for the anterior 2/3 of the tongue?

A

Lingual nerve (branch of V3 of trigeminal)

24
Q

Which nerve conveys taste from the anterior 2/3 of the tongue?

A

Chorda tympani (branch of the facial nerve)

25
Q

How many teeth does an adult have?

A

32

26
Q

Which nerve innervates the upper teeth?

A

Superior alveolar nerve (branch of V2 of trigeminal)

27
Q

Which nerve innervates the lower teeth?

A

Inferior alveolar nerve (branch of V3 of trigeminal)

28
Q

Where may the upper teeth refer pain to?

A

Maxillary distribution of trigeminal nerve, eg maxillary sinus

29
Q

Where may the lower teeth refer pain to?

A

Mandibular distribution of trigeminal nerve, eg external auditory meatus

30
Q

Which nerve innervates almost all of the muscles of the oropharynx?

A

Vagus

31
Q

Where does the larynx begin?

A

Epiglottis

32
Q

At what vertebral level does the larynx end?

A

C6

33
Q

What is the proper name for the Adam’s apple?

A

Thyroid cartilage

34
Q

Which cartilage is just below the thyroid cartilage?

A

Cricoid cartilage

35
Q

What part of the cricoid cartilage do the vocal ligaments attach to?

A

Arytenoid cartilage

36
Q

Where does the epiglottis take origin from?

A

Posterior aspect of thyroid cartilage

37
Q

What position must the vocal ligaments be in to phonate?

A

Adducted

38
Q

What position must the vocal ligaments be in to breathe?

A

Abducted

39
Q

Which nerves innervates the larynx?

A

Superior laryngeal nerve and recurrent laryngeal nerve, which are both branches of the vagus

40
Q

Which nerve does general sensory afferents for the oropharynx?

A

Glossopharyngeal

41
Q

Which muscle of the pharynx is controlled by the glossopharyngeal nerve?

A

Stylopharyngeus

42
Q

How many cervical vertebrae are there?

A

7

43
Q

Which 3 structures are contained within the carotid sheath in the neck?

A

Common carotid artery, internal jugular vein and vagus nerve

44
Q

Which of the cervical vertebrae are ‘typical’ cervical vertebrae?

A

C3-C6

45
Q

If you palpate the neck, which is the largest spinous process in the neck?

A

C7

46
Q

What runs between the anterior and middle scalene muscles?

A

Brachial plexus and subclavian artery

47
Q

At what vertebral level does the common carotid bifurcate?

A

C4

48
Q

Which vertebra has the dens?

A

C2 / the axis

49
Q

What is contained in the vertebral compartment of the neck?

A

Cervical vertebrae and postural muscles

50
Q

What is contained in the visceral compartment of the neck?

A

Thyroid, parathyroid, thymus, trachea, esophagus and recurrent laryngeal nerve

51
Q

What is contained in the vascular compartment of the neck?

A

Common carotid artery, vagus nerve, internal jugular vein

52
Q

encloses the vascular compartment of the neck?

A

Carotid sheath

53
Q

What encloses the thyroid gland?

A

Pretracheal fascia

54
Q

What separates the anterior and posterior triangles of the neck?

A

Sternocleidomastoid muscle

55
Q

What is the order of branches off the external carotid?

A

Some Anatomists Love Freaking Out Poor Medical Students
Superior thyroid. Ascending pharyngeal. Lingual. Facial. Occipital. Posterior auricular. Maxillary. Superficial temporal

Nick's Anatomy (5 decks)

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