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Bio 224 > chapter 15 > Flashcards

chapter 15 Flashcards

1
Q

gonads develop in a ___ position next to the dorsal body wall.

A

RETROPERITONEAL

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2
Q

gonads are derived from

A

intermediate mesoderm

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3
Q

Testis take over the mesonephric duct for itself, and it winds up becoming

A

the spermatic duct, or DUCTUS DEFERENS

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4
Q

Mesonephric duct =

A

Wolffian duct

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5
Q

Paramesonephric duct =

A

Mullerian duct

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6
Q

Male testes descend from their initially retroperitoneal position, through the body wall, into a pouch protruding from the body wall called the

A

SCROTUM.

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7
Q

Everything gets dragged along in this descent:

ductus deferens, nerves, blood vessels. called the?

A

spermatic cord

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8
Q

homolgues of scrotal structures
Skin:

Superficial fascia:

External oblique:

Internal oblique:

Transversus abdominus:

Coelom + peritoneum:

A

Skin: SCROTAL SAC
Superficial fascia: DARTOS MUSCLE
External oblique: EXTERNAL SPERMATIC FASCIA

Internal oblique: CREMASTER MUSCLE

Transversus abdominus: INTERNAL SPERMATIC FASCIA

Coelom + peritoneum: TUNICA VAGINALIS

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9
Q

Labioscrotal swelling =

A

(future position of scrotum in males or labium majus in females).

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10
Q

If it were a wide open hole, loops of the intestine could slip out there – with resulting damage to gut tube (constriction or strangulation) – __?

A

herniation

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11
Q

hernia is guarded against by the opening being a very narrow slit – __?

A

the INGUINAL CANAL.

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12
Q

This distal end bit that attaches to the testis is called the __?

A

EPIDIDYMIS.

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13
Q

A specialized collecting tube runs from the ovary to the embryonic cloaca.
It is plastered over the ovary so that when an egg is shed from the ovary, it doesn’t escape into the coelom.
This collecting tube is the ____?

A

PARAMESONEPHRIC DUCT – is positioned just lateral to the mesonephric duct of the developing kidney.

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14
Q

The caudal ends of the right and left paramesonephric ducts fuse near their entrance into the embryonic cloaca to become the___?

A

UTERUS AND VAGINA

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15
Q

The remaining unfused parts are then known as the ____?.

A

UTERINE TUBES, SALPINX, or more commonly the FALLOPIAN TUBES

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16
Q

connective tissue strap/band anchoring ovary to lateral uterine wall.

A

OVARIAN LIGAMENT –

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17
Q

remnant of the female gubernaculum connecting uterus to labia majora.

A

ROUND LIGAMENT OF THE UTERUS –

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18
Q

Sheet of connective tissue supporting uterus laterally, as well as fallopian tube and ovary out to lateral body wall.

A

BROAD LIGAMENT –

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19
Q

The ovary’s gubernaculum persists in the adult as a pair of fibrous cords that RUN THROUGH A VESTIGAL INGUINAL CANAL, and insert into the ___?

A

LABIA MAJORA (round ligament of the uterus).

20
Q

The space left for the opening ventral to the rectum is the__?

A

UROGENITAL SINUS

21
Q

A midline outpocketing of the urogenital sinus grows dorsally toward uterus and forms a __?

A

tubular VAGINA

22
Q

The vagina opens at its dorsal end into the uterus and at its ventral end into the urethral part of the ___?

A

urogenital sinus.

23
Q

In Females: THREE OPENINGS of the old cloaca: ___?

A

(1) urethra, (2) vagina, and (3) anus.

24
Q

The genital tuburcle forms tissue of the

A

cloacal rim

25
Q

Just above (cranial to) cloacal opening in human embryo is a small bump called the __?

A

GENITAL TUBERCLE.

26
Q

The specialized erectile tissues form as two masses on each side of the midline (total of four-4):
Closer to midline:
More laterally:

A

right and left BULB.

More laterally: right and left CRUS (plural – crura).

27
Q

Males have __ columns of erectile tissue.

A

3

28
Q

erectile tissue in the male:

Right and left bulbs fuse in the midline to form the

A

CORPUS SPONGIOSUM

29
Q

CORPUS SPONGIOSUM – surrounds

A

the urethra

30
Q

(Male) urethra emerges out of tip of enlarged genital tuburcle ____?

A

glans penis

31
Q

(male)

right and left cura remain independent and form the paired

A

corpora cavernosa

32
Q

male)

right and left sides are bound to one another by ____ (wrapping around everything like a banana peel)

A

tunica albuginea

33
Q

They form separate masses of erectile tissue on either side of the vaginal opening - the BULBS OF THE VESTIBULE, which become the ___?

A

LABIA MINORA (singular, MINUS)

34
Q

Female

the tip end in the midline is called the

A

clitoris

35
Q

clitoris is homologue to

A

glans of penis

36
Q

Several glands develop as outpocketings of the inner wall of the urogenital sinus. (Most are better developed in males.)

Males (function)
PROSTATE GLAND –
SEMINAL VESICLES –
BULBOURETHRAL GLANDS –

A

at upper end of urethra in the male. Encircles urethral neck.

outpocketing of ejaculatory duct.

in postpelvic body wall

37
Q

Several glands develop as outpocketings of the inner wall of the urogenital sinus.
females-
greater vestibular glands

A

secrete mucous fluids that serve as lubricants during copulation.

38
Q

____ produce a sugar-rich fluid (fructose) that provides sperm with a source of energy and helps with the sperms’ motility (ability to move)

A

The seminal vesicles

39
Q

The fluid of the seminal vesicles makes up most of the volume of a man’s __?

A

ejaculatory fluid, or ejaculate.

40
Q

These glands produce a clear, slippery fluid that empties directly into the urethra. This fluid serves to lubricate the urethra and to neutralize any acidity that may be present due to residual drops of urine in the urethra.

A

Bulbourethral glands

41
Q

arises from ischium behind crus of penis or clitoris. Wraps around corpora cavernosa to insert on either side on tunica albuginea.
(females

A

ISCHIOCAVERNOSUS MUSCLE –

42
Q

arises from central tendon (median raphe’) of the urogenital diaphragm and covers the bulb of the penis (males) or vestibular bulb
(females)

A

BULBOSPONGIOSUS MUSCLE –

43
Q

Males
Maintain erection by
Bulbospongiosus may contract to aid in ejaculation

A

constricting venous return of blood.

44
Q

Bulbospongiosus may contract to aid in

A

ejaculation

45
Q

Females musculature of perineal region

A

Possibly a sphincter-like function around vaginal opening in females.

Bio 224 (6 decks)

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