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Musculoskeletal > Physiology > Flashcards

Physiology Flashcards

1
Q

motor unit

A

motorneuron + muscle fibers it innervates

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2
Q

anisotropic (A) band

A

dark band
thick
ALWAYS same length

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3
Q

isotropic (I) band

A

light band

thin

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4
Q

Z line

A

middle of I band

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5
Q

sarcomere

A

one Z line to the next

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6
Q

thick filaments

A

myosin heavy chain

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7
Q

thin filaments

A

actin
tropomyosin
troponin C, T, I

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8
Q

tropomyosin

A

blocks myosin binding site on actin

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9
Q

troponin C

A

binds Ca2+

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10
Q

troponin T

A

binds tropomyosin

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11
Q

troponin I

A

keeps troponin in position so that tropomyosin covers myosin binding site on action

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12
Q

isometric twitch

A

one AP
tension increases
length stays the same

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13
Q

isotonic twitch

A

one AP

energy is expended to move weight instead of developing greater tension

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14
Q

peak isometric twitch tension

A

velocity = 0

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15
Q

max velocity of shortening

A

force =0

theoretical

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16
Q

fast motor unit

A
  1. large motorneuron
  2. more rapid time to peak tension and more rapid half-relaxation time
  3. greater isometric twitch tension
  4. more fibers
  5. greater cross-sectional area
  6. require more active excitatory synapses for depolarization
  7. tetanic tension reached at higher frequency AP firing
  8. AP fire after slow
  9. fewer mitochondria
  10. ATP from glycogenolysis
  11. cannot sustain
17
Q

slow motor unit

A
  1. small motorneuron
  2. slow to peak tension and slow half relaxation time
  3. smaller isometric twitch tension and tetanic tension
  4. fewer fibers
  5. smaller cross section
  6. requires fewer active excitatory synapses for depolarization
  7. tetanic tension reached at lower frequencies
  8. AP fire first
  9. lots of mitochondria and myoglobin
  10. ATP produced by oxidative phosphorylation
  11. can sustain: postural muscles
18
Q

tetanic tension

A

tension reaches maximum

and contractions are fused upon the previous contractions

19
Q

graded contraction

A

more motor units recruited as more force it required and already recruited units increase frequency of contraction

20
Q

How is ATP regenerated that is consumed by myosin?

A

donation of high energy phosphate from creatine phosphate

21
Q

creatinine

A

metabolic product of creatine

Musculoskeletal (13 decks)

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