Chlamydia

Question 1

Describe Chlamydia

Answer 1

Obligate Intracellular
Gram Neg/Variable
STain purple wiht Giemsa
Does not produce it's own ATP
NO PEPTIDOGLYCAN -> has PBP though
Penicillin not effective

Question 2

Describe the life cycle of Chlamydia Thrachomatis

Answer 2

Infect cell -> form Reticulate Bodies -> Multip/ly ->Reorganize to Elementary Body -> Mature Inclusions -> Release of infectious Elementary Bodies-> repeat

Question 3

What kind of response causes the disease?

Answer 3

It is not a necrotic type of infection

Inflmmatory response causes disease and spread

Question 4

Which form of Chlamydia Trachomatis is infectious?

Answer 4

Elementary Body

Question 5

What are the species of Chlamydiaceae?

Answer 5

Chlamydia trachomatis

Chlamydophila: C.Psittaci, C.Pneumoniae

Question 6

Describe the pathogenesis of Chlamydia infection?

Answer 6

Access via minor abrasions-> cell damage-> induce severe inflammatory response

Question 7

What diseases can C.Trachomatis cause?

Answer 7

Chronic follicular Conjunctivitis: Serotypes A-C
Genital Tract Infection: Serotype D-K (STD form)
Inclusion Conjunctivitis: Serotypes D-K (STD form)
Neonatal Peumonia
Lymphogranuloma Venereum: Serotype L1-L3

Question 8

Which serotypes cause chronic folicular conjunctivitis? How is this disease treated?

Answer 8

A-C

Tx: Surgery and Tetracycline topical ointment, Azithromycin (macrolide)

Question 9

What is the clinical presentation of the STD form of C.Trachomatis?

Answer 9

Genital Tract infection
Men have more sx than women -> asymptomatic carriers in women common
Urethritis, epidymitis, prostatitis
Cervicitis, potential PID leading to infertility

Question 10

Why must pregnant women be screened for C.Trachomatis?

Answer 10

Can cause infant pneumonia and conjunctivitis

Question 11

Which serotypes cause genital tract infections?

Answer 11

Serotypes D-K

Question 12

What is inclusion conunctivitis and how is it treated?

Answer 12

Most common cuase of neonatal conjunctivitis due to contact with vaginal secretions of infected woman
Serotype D-K
Tx: Tetracycline

Question 13

Which serotypes cause lympgranuloma venereum?

Answer 13

L1-L3

Question 14

What is the presentation of lymphgranuloma venereum

Answer 14

Suppurative Multilocula Inguinal Lymph Nodes (bubos)
Perirectal aabscesses
Fistula drainage

Question 15

How is C.Trachomatis Diagnosed?

Answer 15

Epithelial Scrapings -> culture
DFA: direct fluorescent antibody (high sensitivity, high specificity)
DNA probe
Serology

Question 16

What are the treatment options for C.Trachomatis?

Answer 16

Tetracycline
Quinolones
Azithromycin
Erythromycin

Remember, these are penicillin INSENSITIVE

Question 17

What are the 2 different forms of clinical presentations of C.Pneumonia infection?

Answer 17

Pharyngitis and Laryngitis w.out pneumonia
Or
Pneumonia only

Question 18

How is C.Pneumonia diagnosed?

Answer 18

Serology, but rarely

Question 19

What are teh protocols for CA-Pneumonia?

Answer 19

Strep Pneumo
Mycoplasma
C.Pneumonia (atypical)

Tx with broad based therapy -> Fluoroquinolones

Question 20

What are the treatment options for C.Pneumoniae?

Answer 20

Moxifloxacin (fluoroquinolone)
Erythromycine
Tetracycline

Question 21

What is Chlamydophila Psittaci?

Answer 21

Zoonosis infection acquired from birds via inhalation

Affects lower respiratory tract

Question 22

How is C.Psittaci diagnosed and treated?

Answer 22

Complement fixation
Epidemiology

Tx: Tetracycline, Erythromycine