Chapter 11 - Human Rights and Fair Housing

Question 1

Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA)

Answer 1

1990 - expanded protections for disabled under the Fair Housing Act.

Question 2

Blockbusting

Answer 2

Discriminatory practice where agent induces a person to sell or rent property based on entry into neighborhood of a protected class - AKA all of X group is entering the neighborhood, sell now before property values go down.

Question 3

Cease and Desist List

Answer 3

List maintained by DOS of residents who don’t want to sell, lease, or list property, salespeople and brokers are prohibited from soliciting them.

Question 4

Civil Rights Act of 1866

Answer 4

All citizens have right to real estate with no exemptions

Question 5

Department of Housing and Urban Development

Answer 5

Polices discrimination in real estate.

Question 6

Disability

Answer 6

Landlords must allow tenants to make reasonable structural modifications to a unit to allow full enjoyment. Multi family buildings built after March 13, 1991 must provide wheelchair width doors and hallways, accessible public areas and routes into and through unit, accessible environmental controls, reinforced bathroom walls for grab bars, and kitchens and bathrooms usable by people in wheelchairs.

Question 7

Fair Housing Act of 1968

Answer 7

Unlawful to discriminate on basis of race, color, religion, sex, disability, familial status, or national origin in selling or leasing residential property.

Question 8

Familial Status

Answer 8

Title VIII / Fair Housing Act prohibit housing discrimination because there are children in the household.

Question 9

Filtering Down

Answer 9

Connected to redlining. Banks refuse to give mortgages/loans in a particular neighborhood and therefore the neighborhood falls into disrepair.

Question 10

Marital Status

Answer 10

Whether or not a person is married. Protected class under NYC and NY State Human Rights Law.

Question 11

New York State Human Rights Law

Answer 11

Extends protected classes to age, creed, marital status, military status, and sexual orientation. Broader because it’s human rights law, not just housing discrimination.

Question 12

Non-Solicitation Order

Answer 12

Prohibits solicitation of residential property listings and applies to all brokers and agents.

Question 13

Public Accommodation

Answer 13

ADA requires all commercial and public facilities are 100% accessible to the handicapped.

Question 14

Real Property

Answer 14

Physical land, improvements to it, and the bundle of rights associated with it.

Question 15

Reasonable Accommodation

Answer 15

Allowance made in policy - EX: service dog in a no-pets building

Question 16

Redlining

Answer 16

Discriminatory practice where agent refuses to show/sell/mortgage in a particular area.

Question 17

Steering

Answer 17

Discriminatory practice where agent channels buyer/renter towards or away from particular neighborhoods based on protected class.

Question 18

Tester

Answer 18

Volunteers or employees from federal programs/civil rights groups who visit real estate offices to ensure agents are not practicing discriminatory practices on any basis.

Question 19

Handicapped Status

Answer 19

Physical or mental impairment - HIV/AIDS and other diseases that can’t be casually transmitted, alcoholics, physiological disorder/condition, anatomical loss or disfigurement.

Question 20

Reasonable modification

Answer 20

Structural modification for disabled person - EX: widening doors for wheelchair