4.2.1 Alcohols Flashcards
(13 cards)
1
Q
What is the general formula for an alcohol?
A
- CnH2n+1OH.
2
Q
Why are alcohols soluble?
A
- Since the hydroxyl group forms hydrogen bonds between water molecules.
3
Q
What happens to the solubility of an alcohol as the chain length increases?
A
- Solubility decreases as the chain length increases.
4
Q
How many alkyl groups does a primary alcohol contain?
A
- One.
5
Q
How many alkyl groups does a secondary alcohol contain?
A
- Two.
6
Q
How many alkyl groups does a tertiary alcohol contain?
A
- Three.
7
Q
What colour is acidified potassium dichromate?
A
- Orange.
8
Q
What colour is acidified potassium dichromate when it has undergone oxidation?
A
- Green.
9
Q
What is the chemical used to oxidise alcohols?
A
- Acidified potassium dichromate.
10
Q
What equipment is used to go from a primary alcohol to an aldehyde?
A
- Distillation.
11
Q
What equipment is used to go from a secondary alcohol to a ketone?
A
- Reflux.
12
Q
Why is reflux used?
A
- To prevent volatile substances from escaping.
13
Q
When does elimination of water from an alcohol occur?
A
- When an alcohol is heated in the presence of an acid catalyst.
