423 final exam Flashcards
(52 cards)
What type of joint is the hip?
A multi axial ball and socket joint
Structures that support the joints
Muscles
Ligaments
Bones
What is the function of the labrum?
Deepens and stabilizes the hip
What is the general function of the iliofemoral ligament?
Extensive extension
What is the general function of the ischiofemoral ligament?
Helps maintain stabilization
What is the general function of the pubofemoral ligament?
Limits extension
What are risk factors for hip injuries?
Age Impaired performance Use of adaptive equipment Fear Bone weakness
Stages of hip fractures
Type 1
- a stable fracture with impaction in
valgus
Type 2
- complete but non-displaced
Type 3
- partially displaced (often externally
rotated and angulated) with varus
displacement but still has some
contact b/w the 2 fragments
Type 4
- completely displaced and there is
no contact b/w the fracture
fragmentsTypes of hip fractures
Femoral neck
Intertrochanteric
Subtrochanteric
Femoral neck hip fractures
Risk factors:
- female
- 60 years or older
- osteoporosis
Complications:
- poor blood supply
- thin periosteumIntertrochanteric hip fractures
Between the greater and lesser trochanters
Usually occurs from direct trauma
Subtrochanteric hip fractures
Located 1 to 2 inches below the lesser trochanter
Most often in ppl over 60
Direct trauma
Fall or MVA
NWB
Non-weight bearing
TTWB
Toe touch weight bearing
PWB
Partial weight bearing
Often seen as 50% of weight can be placed on affected extremity
WBAT
Weight bearing as tolerated
Uses pain as a guide for weight through the extremity
FWB
Full weight bearing
Pt can fully bear weight through the affected extremity with no injury
Total hip replacement precautions with posterior approach
Hip flexion > 90*
No crossing your legs (no adduction/internal rotation)
Total hip replacement precautions for anterior approach
Do not step backward with surgical leg (no hip extension)
Do not allow surgical leg to externally rotate
Do not cross legs, use pillow between legs when rolling
Sleep on surgical side when side laying
Goals of therapy with THR
Maintain or increase ROM
Increase strength of musculature
Decrease edema
Educate on assistive/adaptive equipment and alternative/compensatory techniques
Increase independence with ADLs
Three bones of the pelvis
Ilium
Top 1/2 of pelvis; iliac crest
Pubis
Middle of the pubis
Ischium
Bottom of pelvis; forms lower and
back part of hip bone; below ilium
Factors contributing to pelvic floor dysfunction
MVA Back surgeries Hip surgeries Childbirth Muscle weakness/balance
Therapy goals for pelvic injury
For any injury, surgery, or dysfunction, the overall goal for therapy is to improve function.
EDUCATION is the #1 thing you can do for your pt
Name the 3 primary types of tissues that support the human spine
Muscles
Bones
Tendons
