Social Perception

Question 1

The impressions we form of others are affected by anumber of factors including___which are organized, interconneected mental networks of information that help us process and organize social information and__, which provide knowledge about the appropriate sequence of behaviors in specific social situations.

Answer 1

schemata; scripts

Question 2

Our impressions are also influenced by___traits that carry more weight than other traits because they provide unique information about a person and by the___, which was demonstrated by Rosenhan’s pseudopatient study.

Answer 2

central; social context

Question 3

The attributions we make about the behaviors of others often reflect the___bias which means that we tend to overestimate the roleof__factors when making attributions about the behaviors of other people.

Answer 3

fundamental attribution; dispositional

Question 4

Research on the actor-observer effect has shown that, when making self-attributions, we tend to attribute our successes to___factors and our failures to___factors. This tendency is referred to as the___bias.

Answer 4

dispositional;situational;self-serving

Question 5

Heuristics are mental shortcuts that people use when making attributions and other social judgments. The_heuristic involves basing your judgment of a person, object, or event on how similar the person, object, or event is to the typical case while ignoring probability(base rate) data; while the ____heuristic involves juddging the likelihood or frequency of an event based on how easy it is to retrieve information about the event from long-term memory.

Answer 5

Representativeness; Availability

Question 6

Several cognitive errors and biases have been identified. One of these is the___which is the tendency to rely on case-specific information and ignore or underuse probability data when estimating the likelihood of an event or characteristic. Another is the___ which is the tendency to pay attention to information that is consistent with one’s beliefs and ignore or invalidate information that is not. The___effect occurs when we overestimate the extent to which the attitudes andbeliefs of others are similar to our own.

Answer 6

base-rate fallacy; confirmation bias; false concensus