Opth I II III [4] Flashcards
Hydraulic theory
Pressure goes to fluid and causes bones to buckle
Buckling theory
Forces goes directly to bones, making them buckle
Clinically weakest wall of the orbit
orbital floor
- palatine, maxillary, zygomatic
Thinnest wall of the orbit
Medial wall
(SMEL)
- Sphenoid, maxillary, ethmoid, lacrimal
Thickest wall of the orbit
Lateral wall
no sinus on the other side
treating orbital floor fractures
(Floor and medial wall most commonly affected)
Repair w/in 2 weeks if:
1. enopthalmos (sunken in eye due to high vol in orbit)
2. Incarcerated muscle/orbital tissue
3. >50% of wall is fractured
Oculocardiac Reflex
Increased P on eye Pulling on eye muscle → Bradycardia Asystole Arrythmia
WHy?
Afferent travels along CN V1 (opth)
Efferent travels along CN X
- which innervates heart
features of nasolacrimal duct obstruction
Dacrocystitis:
infxn of lacrimal sac due to nasolacrimal duct obstruction
Tx of nasolacrimal duct obstruction
antibiotics for infxn,
then surgical bypass surgery
lacrimal gland begins fxn at what age?
6 week
Basic eye exam
- visual acuity
- visual fields
- ocular motility
- pupils
- external exam (eyelids, conjunctiva, cornea)
- fundoscopic exam
COnjunctivitis can be either bacteria or viral. When does viral conjunctivitis most commonly occur? Which organism is it?
Most commonly occurs after Upper respiratory tract infxn.
- Adenovirus
(watery discharge, not pyrulent)
Tx for viral conjunctivitis
Hand hygiene
Cool compresses
if really bad → steroids
Most common organism for Bacterial conjunctivitis
Staph aureus,
Strep pneumoniae
Tx 4 bacterial conjunctivitis
No cultures nec.
Ab eye drops 1x week
- FQ
- Gentamicin
