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Food animal production > Bacterial Septicemias of pigs > Flashcards

Bacterial Septicemias of pigs Flashcards

1
Q

What are two diseases that cause bacterial septicemias in pigs?

A
  1. streptococcus suis

2. haemophilus parasuis

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2
Q

How many serotypes of strep suis are there?

A

35

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3
Q

What is the most common serotype of streptococcus suis?

A

type 2

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4
Q

Is type 2 streptococcus suis zoonotic?

A

yes

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5
Q

What is the carrier state of streptococcus suis in sows?

A

near 100%

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6
Q

What does streptococcus suis (mostly type 2) cause in people?

A
  1. meningitis

2. deafness

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7
Q

How are people infected with strep suis?

A

through skin wounds

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8
Q

What is the epidemiology of strep suis?

A
  1. normal commensal (URT)
  2. many species are reservoirs
  3. long survival in environment
  4. virulence varies with serotype
  5. sow-piglet transmission
  6. pig-pig transmission
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9
Q

How do sows transfer strep suis to their offspring?ritis, valvular endocarditis

A

via genital tract

via respiratory

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10
Q

What is the onset of disease with strep suis?

A

5-10wks (nursery, grower)

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11
Q

What are the clinical signs of strep suis?

A
  1. peracute: found dead
  2. acute: polyserositis, meningitis–neuro signs
  3. chronic: arthritis, valvular endocarditis
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12
Q

What is the pathogenesis streptococcus suis meningitis?

A
  1. invade BBB endothelial cells
  2. inflammation
  3. leakiness of BBB
  4. septic meningitis
  5. leakage of plasma protein
  6. cerebral edema
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13
Q

What is the pathology of strep suis meningitis?

A

protrusions of cerebral vermis

can sometimes see suppurative material ventrally

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14
Q

What is the pathogenesis of sepsis (strep suis?)

A
  1. invasion of tonsil/nasal cavity
  2. ineffective humoral immunity
  3. bacteremia–>localization or release of inflam cytokines
  4. septic shock
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15
Q

How is strep suis diagnosed?

A
  1. convulsions, other signs

2. culture, serotyping

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16
Q

What is the most common cause of pleural adhesions and pericarditis on modern farms?

A

strep suis

17
Q

How is strep suis meningitis treated and controlled?

A
  1. prompt recognition
  2. antimicrobials
  3. parenteral anti-inflammatories (predef)
18
Q

How is strep suis sepsis treated and controlled?

A
  1. mass antimicrobial

2. control precipitating stress

19
Q

Is vaccination effective for contorl of strep suis sepsis?

A

NO. do not produce sufficient IgG, must be serotype specific

20
Q

What causes glasser’s disease?

A

haemophilus parasuis

21
Q

What is Glasser’s disease?

A

porcine polyserositis and arthritis
a disease of intensification
can cause acute explosive outbreaks in naive farms

22
Q

How many serotypes of Glasser’s disease are there?

A

15 serotypes
many untypable serotypes
some are normal flora

23
Q

What are the criteria such that an isolation of haemophilus parasuis is considered biologically significant?

A

be from clinical animal and lesionsal tissue!

24
Q

What are the most virulent serotypes for haemophilus parasuis?

A

4, 5, 13

25
Q

What serotypes of haemophilus parasuis are covered in the vaccine?

A

4

5

26
Q

What is the pathogenesis of haemophilus parasuis?

A
  1. early colonizer of nasal cavity (nonpathogenic)
  2. ultrashort incubation following infection with virulent strain
  3. poor cross protection
  4. epithelial invasion, purulent rhinitis, septicemia
  5. fibrinosuppurative polyserositis
  6. DIC (peracute)
27
Q

What are the clinical signs of haemophils parasuis?

A
  1. peracute: found dead
  2. acute: convulsions, joint swelling and pain
  3. chronic: lameness, coughing, dyspnea, weight loss
28
Q

What is the pathology of haemophilus parasuis?

A 
fibrinosuppurative exudate (bread and butter)
on single or multiple serosal surfaces
29
Q

How is haemophilus parasuis diagnosed

A
  1. serotyping (many untypable)
  2. serology–sertype specific ELISA
  3. DNA fingerprinting
30
Q

What is the use of haemophilus parasuis DNA fingerprinting? What is a shortcoming?

A

if don’t know what should have in a vaccine–put all serotypes collected from diseased pigs in the vaccines
a shortcoming is that says nothing about virulence

31
Q

What is the treatment and control of haemophilus parasuis?

A
  1. antimicrobial treatment (parenteral, water and feed–must ensure get enough!!))
32
Q

How is haemophilus parasuis prevented?

A

vaccines EFFECTIVE
cross protection better with avirulent live
autogenous only way to know that have serotypes for the farm

Food animal production (21 decks)

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