Exam 1 Flashcards
In comparison, sociology focuses on _______, whereas psychology focuses on ___________.
- Human Interaction
2. Behavior of Individual
Rigid beliefs that are often untested or unfounded about a certain group of people are referred to as:
Sterotypes
Common sense differs from sociology primarily because:
Sociology uses scientific research and Common sense relies on untested information
Which of the following sociologist is most closely associated with the sociological imagination?
C. Wright Mills
The discipline a social scientist is trained in plays a role in the question the social scientist asks. “How will high gas prices impact automobile sales in the near future?” would most likely be asked by a(n):
Economist
The discipline of a social scientist is trained and plays a role in the questions the social scientist asks. “how do educational opportunities for women impact national infant mortality rates in Eastern European countries. Would most likely be asked by a(an):
Sociologist
The difference between common sense and sociology is that:
Common sense refers to ideas that are taken for granted, while sociology tests beliefs in a scientific manner
______ refers to the layering of individuals into social strata based on factor such as income, education, and occupation.
Stratification
Psychologists are most likely to study:
Individual behavior and mental processes
While psychologists would explain behavior by examining the personality traits of individuals, sociologists would examine:
The behavior and traits of certain group interaction
Sociology is based on a few assumptions about the social world. Which of the following is not one of these assumptions?
Human behavior is determined by the supply of goods and services
Prior to the 19th century, the primary influence on the way people viewed the world was based on:
Philosophy and Religion
All of the following led to the rise of sociology except:
Widespread deaths in Europe from the Bubonic plague
The first person to propose that the scientific method could be applied to the study of social life was:
Auguste Comte
Ideas that form concepts regarding why and how facts relate to each other, and the connection between those facts are known as:
Theories
Educated statements based on theories but not yet scientifically tested are known as:
Hypothesis
The statement, “People who have more than 12 years of education and who own a personal computer are more likely to use online dating services than those who have less than 12 years of education and who do not own a personal computer” is a:
Hypothesis
Determining exactly how to measure concepts is known as:
Operationalization
A spurious relationship occurs between two variables when:
IV and DV change together due to effects of a third variable; not a causal relationship
Studies that take place under laboratory conditions are:
Controlled
The titles Karl Marx used to describe the two classes in society were the ______ and the _______.
- Bourgeoisie
2. Proletariat
Symbolic interaction theory states:
- People interact on the basis of shared symbols to construct a meaningful world - which then serves as a basis for further interaction
- Some emphasize agency, individuals; active role in constructing their social environments, or how their social positions shape their constructions
Conflict theory states:
- Inequalities in resources and power create conflict, which underlies all social relations
- The powerful impose their values and beliefs on weaker groups
- Change leading to greater equality is desirable
Structural-functional perspective states:
- Each part of society has a necessary function
- Parts fit together into stable, orderly whole
- Functions may be manifest (planned) or latent (unintended); some things may be dysfunctional