Nuclear Chem

Question 1

Atomic Number

Answer 1

Number of Protons

Question 2

Ions

Answer 2

When atom loses or gains one or more electron and net electrical charge changes

Question 3

Isotopes

Answer 3

elements with same # of protons but different # of neutrons

Question 4

atomic mass unit (amu)

Answer 4

roughly defined as weight of either proton or neutron

Question 5

alpha radiation

Answer 5

two protons and two neutrons are released from atom

Question 6

beta radiation

Answer 6

when electron is released from nucleus

Question 7

positron emission

Answer 7

when proton and electron form neutron and positron

positron is particle with mass identical to electron but with positive charge

Question 8

gamma radiation

Answer 8

very energetic form of light energy is released; no mass

Question 9

rate formula

Answer 9

rate=kN

Question 10

determining mass loss to decay

Answer 10

ln(Nt/No)=-kt

Question 11

rate constant formula

Answer 11

k=.693 / (t1/2)

Question 12

SI unit for rate of decay

Answer 12

Becquerel (Bq)

Question 13

Strong Nuclear Force

Answer 13

what holds protons together

Question 14

Atom Stability if…

Answer 14

first 20 elements, # of protons/neutrons are same

after first 20, elements need more protons than neutrons

nothing stable after 83

Question 15

Too many neutrons (above belt)

Answer 15

undergo Beta Radiations

Question 16

Above 83amu

Answer 16

undergo alpha radiation

Question 17

too many protons (below belt)

Answer 17

undergo positron radiation

Question 18

Radioactive Series

Answer 18

unstable nuclei require multiple emissions to become more stable

Question 19

Formula for Energy Involvment in Nuclues

Answer 19

E=mc2

Question 20

To find energy produced in reaction:

Answer 20

1. ) find difference in mass (Kg) between reactants and products
2. ) Use E=mc2 to find ammount energy produced

Question 21

Mass Defect

Answer 21

all nuclei have smaller mass than sum of subatomic particles masses

Question 22

To find Nuclear Binding Energy

Answer 22

1. ) find difference in mass (Kg) between nucleus and sum of protons/neutrons
2. ) Use E=mc2 to find energy from mass lost

Question 23

Transmutation

Answer 23

change in nucleus of atom because it has been struck by subatomic particle (mainly neutrons)

Question 24

Nuclear Fission

Answer 24

splitting and releasing energy

Question 25

Nuclear Fusion

Answer 25

fusing together and releasing energy