anxiety disorders

Question 1

what is ADHD

Answer 1

1) excessive inattention to disinterests = hyperfocus on particular interest
2) hyperactivity
3) impulsivity
4) combo

Question 2

what is not ADHD

Answer 2

1) oppositional behaviors
2) intellectual disability (can have any IQ)
3) specific learning disorder
4) only reason for poor focus or hyperactivity

Question 3

neuropsych deficits in ADHD

Answer 3

1) response inhib = can’t balance btwn shifting attention and hyperfocus
2) delay aversion = impatient and impulsvie
3) executive function = improved with age as frontal lobe change

Question 4

attentional networks

1) alertness
2) orientation
3) exec control

Answer 4

1) thalamus, ant/post cortical
2) parietal lobe, frontal eye fields
3) anterior cingulate, thalamus, frontal lobe

Question 5

prevalence of ADHD
males to females

why are girls less?

Answer 5

2-5:1

girls and women = more inattentive and usu unrecognized because less hyperactive

Question 6

3 categories of ADHD

Answer 6

1) inattentive
2) hyperactive/impulsive
3) combined

Question 7

Inattentive ADHD symptoms

Answer 7

1) careless mistakes
2) difficulty sustain attention = easily distract
3) not seem to listen when spoken to directly
4) procrastination
5) avoids, dislikes tasks with sustained effort (homework, tax)
6) forgetful in daily activities

Question 8

general rule

higher IQ, diagnosis of ADHD early or later

Answer 8

later

Question 9

hyperactive ADHD symptoms

Answer 9

1) fidgeting
2) can’t play or do leisurely activities
3) driven by motor = high energy
4) talk XS, circumstantial assoc
5) impatient

Question 10

DSM 5 criteria for inattentive vs hyperactive

Answer 10

must have 6 symptoms in each
5+ if olde rthan 17

in 2 + settings (home, school, work)

interfere with social, school, or work

Question 11

other disorders that can impact attention

Answer 11

1) depression
2) anxiety
3) poor sleep
4) OSA COMMON IN MASKING ADHD

Question 12

best way to diagnose ADHD

Answer 12

good diagnostic interview and exam

Vanderbilts

Question 13

freq comorbidities with ADHD

Answer 13

1) major depression
2) enuresis
3) oppsoitional disorder
4) conduct disorder
5) overanxious
6) separation anxiety
7) social phobia

Question 14

underlying genetics of ADHD

Answer 14

92% conconcordance

most genetically bound psych diosrder

Question 15

preadolescant ADHD

early adolescent ADHD

Answer 15

incr risk of oppositional disorder and conduct disorder

inccr risk of substance use disorder

Question 16

how does conduct disorder progress

Answer 16

can become antisocial personality disorder

Question 17

development of depression and ODD

Answer 17

ADHD = annoying and irritating

frequently develop oppositional defiant disorder or depression

Question 18

treatment of ODD

Answer 18

patient management training

Question 19

drugs to treat ADHD

Answer 19

1) stimulants = amphetamines or methylphenidates
2) amomoxetine (Strattera)
3) bupropion (Wellbutrin)
4) alpha agonists (guanfacine, clonidine) for hyperactive symptoms

Question 20

progression of depression affecting self-esteem

Answer 20

less symptoms
less annoying
better self-esteem

Question 21

2 classes of stim

1) amphetamines short vs long acting
2) methylphenidates short vs long

Answer 21

1) short = addrerall
long = adderall or vyvanse

2) short = ritalin
long = ritalin LA or concerta