Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Neuropsychology > Memory > Flashcards

Memory Flashcards

1
Q

Encoding

A

How information gets into memory storage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Consolidation

A

creates & maintains permanent record; poor storage= amnesia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Clive Wearing

A

Consolidation problems; amnesia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Amnesia

A

poor storage; consolidation problems

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Retrieval

A

give awareness to a memory, create a conscious representation; free recall; recognition

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Types of amnesia?

A

anterograde & retrograde

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Anterograde

A

cannot remember stuff going forward from an accident; typically for a longer period

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Retrograde

A

cannot remember stuff that happened before the accident; typically is shorter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Why is retrograde amnesia typically shorter?

A

head injury–> disrupts encoding–> things that are already in are more likely to stay in

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

California Verbal Learning Test (CVLT)

A

helps differentiate what systems are effected; 16 words, 4 categories

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Rey VALT

A

15 unrelated words, normed with the WMS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Types of implicit memory

A

skills; priming; classical conditioning

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Implicit Memory

A

no conscious awareness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Perceptual Representation System

A

repeated presentation of the same visual material enhances firing (lowers threshold) of visual cortical unit sensitive to the stimulus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Anatomy of Implicit Memory

A

Basal Ganglia; Cerebellum; neural plasticity consistent with input

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Implicit Memory- Basal Ganglia

A

primary structure; receives projections from substantia nigra & neocortex; sends output to premotor cortex via thalamus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Implicit Memory–Cerebellum

A

motor learning and classical conditioning

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Types of Explicit Memory

A

semantic & Episodic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Explicit Memory

A

conscious awareness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Episodic memory

A

type of explicit memory; ability to recall events from our lives

21
Q

Semantic Memory

A

type of explicit memory; information we have about the world

22
Q

Anatomy of Explicit Memory

A

medial temporal lobe; thalamus; prefrontal cortex

23
Q

Explicit Memory–Hippocampus/Perihinal Cortex

A

Fimbra fornix (connects to thalamus, frontal cortex, basal ganglia); sensitive to lack of oxygen; time-tagging/organizing memories

24
Q

Medial Temporal Lobe–Episodic Memory

A

tends to be more anterior MTL–hippocampus

25
Q

Medial Temporal Lobe–Semantic memory

A

tends to be more posterior MTL—enthorhinal cortex

26
Q

Amygdala

A

emotional memories; “flashbulb” memories

27
Q

Lateralization

A

difficult to study (hard to have purely visual stimuli; other hemispheres can take over the other side); some evidence for lateralization but small effect size

28
Q

Amnesia–Medial Temporal Lobe Damage

A

H.M.; deficits in storage; lateralization of visual/verbal?; implicit learning spared

29
Q

What area does Alzheimer’s disease attack first?

A

Medial Temporal Lobe

30
Q

Diencephalic (thalamic) Amnesia

A

includes the medial thalamus & mammillary bodies; Korsakoff’s disease; N.A.

31
Q

Korsakoff’s disease

A

anterograde & retrograde amnesia, confabulation, little spontaneous conversation, lack of insight, apathy

32
Q

What does Korsakoff’s disease attack?

A

mammillary bodies

33
Q

what is difficult with Korsakoff’s disease?

A

fail to release from proactive inhibition (difficulty shifting) & difficulty with temporal ordering (which did i hear more recently)

34
Q

N.A.

A

Thalamic amnesia; bad bout with a mini-fencing foil

35
Q

Proactive inhibition

A

gets fixated on a topic and have trouble shifting to a new one

36
Q

Working Memory

A

ability to maintain and manipulate information

37
Q

Phonological Loop

A

contains acoustic code; decays after a few seconds unless rehearsed

38
Q

Visuospatial Working Memory

A

store visual and spatial information; “concentration” game

39
Q

Central Executive

A

integrates info from LTM, phonological loop, and visual working memory

40
Q

Dorsolateral Frontal Lobes

A

implicated in cellular activity during object and spatial working memory tasks

41
Q

Spatial and Object Working Memory

A

object–> ventral “what is it pathway”

spatial–> dorsal “where is it pathway”

42
Q

Temporal Sequencing

A

which word was most recent

43
Q

Source Memory

A

can’t remember where you learned something

44
Q

Frontal Lobe & Memory

A

failure to release from proactive inhibition; difficulty with temporal sequencing; source memory problems

45
Q

Memory is a biproduct of what?

A

attention & comprehension

46
Q

Depth of processing

A

attention & comprehension; differential recall depending on what is attended; deep vs. shallow information

47
Q

Left Prefrontal Cortex is engaged in what?

A

encoding of explicit memories than in retrieving them

48
Q

Right Prefrontal Cortex is engaged in what?

A

more episodic memory retrieval

49
Q

Dual System Theory of Amnesia

A

two parallel systems in memory–one involving the hippocampus and the other involving the amygdala. Lesions in both systems needed for severe amnesia

Neuropsychology (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions