Gram + Bug - Infection Flashcards
To learn what types of infections can be caused by the different bacteria.
Staphylococcus aureus
Most virulent gram + (produces B-lactamase)
(never considered a contaminant)
Food-bourne illness,TSS, skin soft tissue, endocarditis, pneumonia, abscesses (coagulase positive), osteomyelitis
Staphylococcus epidermis
Considered a contaminant
BSIs, endocarditis and prosthetic device infections
Staphylococcus saprophyticus
UTIs in sexually active females
No B-lactamase production
Streptococcus pyogenes (GAS)
Pharyngitis (strep throat) and cellulitis
Necrotizing fascilitis and TSS
POST INFECTION SEQUELAE- glomerulonephritis and rheumatic fever
Streptococcus agalactiae (GBS)
Normal inhabitant of GI and GU tracts
Common colonizer of vagina
Causes infections in diabetics
Streptococcus bovis or Streptococcus gallolyticus (GDS)
Normal inhabitant of GIT
Marker of colonic neoplasia if found in blood
Infective endocarditits
Streptococcus pneumoniae
Most commonly pneumonia
Also meningitis, endocarditis
Capsule virulence- along with N. Meningiditis, and H. Influenza)
Viridans streptococci
Part of normal GIT and oral cavity
Endocarditis due to poor dentition or damaged heart valves
Enterococcus faecalis or Enterococcus faecium
Normal bowel flora
Wound infections, endocarditis, UTIs (NOT PNEUMONIA)
Mycobacteria
TB or leprosy
Bacillus anthracis or Bacillus cereus
anthracis=anthrax
cereus=food poisoning
Nocardia
Affinity for neural tissue
Found in lungs and causes severe disease
Listeria monocytogenes
Zoonotic
Associated with food-bourne illness
Meningitis
Often seen in immunocompromised/pregnant
Clostridium perfringens, Clostridium difficile, Clostridium tetani, and Clostridium botulinum
perfringens=food-bourne illness or gas gangrene
difficile=pseudomembranous colitis
tetani and botulinum=paralysis
