Anatomy Dissection 4 Flashcards

1
Q

What bounds the popliteal fossa?

A

Superomedially = semitendinosus and semimembranosus
Biceps femoris = superolaterally
inferiorly = medial and lateral heads of gastrocnemius

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2
Q

What vein ends in the popliteal fossa by passing through the deep fascia (popliteal) in the medial plane of the limb to drain into the popliteal vein?

A

Small saphenous vein

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3
Q

In the medial plane of popliteal fossa, from superficial to deep, lie what?

A

Tibial nerve
Popliteal vein
Popliteal artery

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4
Q

Where are popliteal lymph nodes located?

A

Along the popliteal vein in the fossa

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5
Q

What does the common fibular nerve skirt?

A

Lateral border of fossa, deep to biceps femoris tendon

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6
Q

What does the common fibular nerve leave the popliteal fossa between?

A

biceps femoris tendon and lateral head of gastrocnemius to reach the fibular neck

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7
Q

Where are sural nerves located?

A

Within region of popliteal fossa (mainly superficial fascia)

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8
Q

What do the sural nerves supply?

A

Skin and fascia on posterolateral aspect of leg and foot

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9
Q

What do the tibial and common fibular nerves each give rise to?

A

A sural cutaneous branch - the medial sural cutaneous nerve *(from tibial nerve) and lateral sural cutaneous nerve (from common fibular)

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10
Q

What do the medial sural cutaneous nerve and fibres in the communicating branch combine to form?

A

The sural nerve

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11
Q

What does the sural nerve leave the fossa alongside?

A

Small saphenous vein

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12
Q

In the popliteal fossa, what does the tibial nerve give branches to

A

Both heads of gastrocnemius and small plantaris muscle + popliteus muscle

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13
Q

What does the plantaris muscle lie deep to and what does its tendon combine with?

A

Lateral head of gastrocnemius and combines inferiorly with achilles tendon

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14
Q

What nerve is vulnerable to compression injury against the neck of the fibula?

A

cOMMON FIBULAR NERVE

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15
Q

When feeling for popliteal pulse - what angle should the knee be flexed at?

A

30

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16
Q

Name four superficial muscles in posterior leg?

A
  1. Gastrocnemius
  2. Soleus
  3. Plantaris
  4. Popliteus
17
Q

What are the three deep muscles in posterior leg?

A
  1. Flexor hallucis longus
  2. Flexor digitorum longus
  3. Tibialis posterior
18
Q

What do muscles of deep posterior leg mainly do?

A

Plantar flex ankles and toes. TP also assists TA with inversion of foot

19
Q

What are all muscles of posterior leg supplied by (nerve)?

A

Tibial nerve

20
Q

From anterior to posterior, what structures leave the posterior compartment to reach the sole of the foot by passing posterior to the medial malleolus and deep to the flexor retinaculum?

A
  1. Tibialis posterior
  2. Flexor digitorum longus
  3. Posterior tibial artery
  4. Tibial nerve
  5. Flexor hallucis longus
21
Q

What do both heads of gastrocnemius attach distally to?

A

Calcaneus via the achilles tendon

22
Q

What do the heads of gastrocnemius attach to proximally?

A

Their respective femoral condyle

23
Q

What does soleus attach proximally to?

A

Neck of fibula and soleal line of tibia

24
Q

Distally, what does soleus attach to?

A

Calcaneus via achilles tendon

25
Q

What does the popliteal artery divide into?

A

Anterior and posterior tibial arteries

26
Q

What is the fibular artery a branch of?

A

Posterior tibial artery

27
Q

What does the anterior tibial artery pierce to supply the anterior compartment of leg?

A

interosseous membrane

28
Q

What does posterior tibial artery run with?

A

Tibial nerve

29
Q

What does the posterior tibial artery leave the compartment by passing posterior and deep to?

A

Posterior to medial malleolus

Deep to flexor retinaculum

30
Q

In the foot, what does the poserior tibial artery terminate by dividing into?

A

Medial and lateral planter arteries

31
Q

What does the fibular artery supply?

A

Lateral compartment of leg

32
Q

Where do all three muscles of posterior leg attach proximally to?

A

Tibia, mid-shaft of fibula and the interosseous membrane.

33
Q

The tendons of all three deep muscles of the posterior leg pass into the sole of the foot to attach to what?

A

Medial tarsal bones
Distal phalanges of lateral four toes
Distal phalanx of great toes