Acute LVF Flashcards
1
Q
Define Acute LVF
A
Heart is unable to maintain sufficient cardiac output to meet the demands of the body
Compensatory mechanisms are not yet operative
CO is reduced, increased intracardiac pressure and pulmonary capillary pressure
2
Q
How do patients present with Acute LVF?
A
Acute pulmonary oedema - Acute SOB, Cough with frothy pink sputum, Orthopnoea, PND, Collapse, arrest, cardiogenic shock
3
Q
What are the signs of Acute LVF?
A
Distress, pale, sweaty - Sympathetic activation
Tachycardia
Fine crepitations bilaterally
Gallop rhythm (3rd heart sound - Kentucky)
4
Q
What are some of the causes of Acute LVF?
A
Myocardial ischaemia HTN Aortic stenosis Aortic incompetence Mitral incompetence
5
Q
How do you manage patients with Acute LVF?
A
A-E Sit the patient upright 100% O2 Morphine 2.5-5mg with anti emetic GTN IV infusion if SBP above 100mmHg Furosemide 40-80mg CPAP
6
Q
What investigations need to be done in a patient with Acute LVF?
A
ECG - Arrhythmias, tachycardia, MI, LVH Bloods - FBC, U&Es. CK, Troponin CXR ABG Echo
7
Q
What are the radiological signs of HF?
A
A - Airspace shadowing B - kerley B lines/septal lines (Periphery) C - Cardiomegaly D - Divdersion of blood to upper lobes E - Effusions
