Neuro 75: Emotional perception and regulation Flashcards
Voice v. face ques and age?
- children under 8/9 pay more attention to face ques
- over 8/9 pay more attention to voice ques
Happy/sad pathway
- both take same pathway
- see visual que –> insula –> ventral striatum –> cingulate gyrus –> visceral response –> parietal region of cortex to tell you that the picture is sad and now you are sad
What does the cingulate gyrus allow for w/ emotion?
- modulation
- the natural response is to feel whatever emotion you see, but you dont always want to do this
- ex. if you work with depressed people all day
What happens when the happy/sad visual que gets to the insula?
-insula has lots of switches and depending on if its sad or happy it will flip different switches
Threat pathway
-visual que –> amygdala (has switches too!) –> ventral striatum –> cingulate gyrus –> visceral response –> parietal lobe of cortex
Disgust: where is it active? why is it useful? what organ is the emotion connected to?
- smells, visual stimuli, rotting animal parts etc. –> stimulate the anterior insula
- protects us from eating rotten food
- directly connected to the stomach –> causes vomiting
- emotion & expression is universal!
Lesion in the amygdala
- causes impaired fear rxns -> can be increased or decreased
- decreased can be hazardous b/c decreased feeling of anxiety
Lesions in the ventral striatum
-causes impaired ability to visually recognize anger, threat, happiness, sadness
Effects of Bilateral lesions in OFC?
- deficits in facial and voice expression recognition –> lead to impairments in social behavior
- reduce ability to experience anxiety
- increased depression (left side) & OCD (right side) & PTSD
Effects of lesions in the temporal lobes (including the hippocampus)
- heightened emotions
- find trivial events more significant than they should be
- preoccupation w/ philosophical or religious issues
- egocentric and humorless
Effects of lesions in the cingulate cortex?
- deficits in the subjective emotional state (anterior)
- impaired ability to modulate emotion
- impaired experience of guilt
- all cause an impairment in social behavior