Introduction to Cardiac Pathology Flashcards
Where do coronary vessels originate?
Coronary ostia behind the aortic valve
When does most coronary blood flow occur?
During diastole
Which region of the heart is at greatest risk for ischemia
Subendocardial
Where is SA node found
Junction of superior vena cave and right atrium; serves as pacemaker
Where is AV node found?
Near atrium-ventricular junction; organizes and fire impulse into the Bundle of His
How much fluid does the pericardial sac normally hold?
50-60 ml
What assists the mitral valve?
Mitral apparatus
What does the mitral apparatus consist of?
Papillary muscles and chordae tendonae; tricuspid consists of similar structures
Pressure overload causes what?
Concentric hypertrophy
Volume overload causes what?
Eccentric hypertrophy
Cellular microscopic correlates?
Central location of nucleus with nuclear duplication
Myocardial microscopic correlates?
Decrease in capillary density, increased intracapillary distance, and deposition of fibrous tissue
Majority of left sided heart failure due to what?
Ischemia
Atrial fibrillation is associated with what?
Mural thrombi and increased risk of embolic stroke
Most common pure form of right sided heart failure?
Cor pulmonae