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Principles Of Respiratory Care II > Chapter 9 - Mucus Drugs > Flashcards

Chapter 9 - Mucus Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

What are the surface epithelial cells of the mucociliary system?

A

Pseudo stratified columnar Ciliated
Goblet cells
Clara cells

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2
Q

What are the cells in the submucosal layer?

A

Serous

Mucous

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3
Q

What sputum composed of?

A

Mixed inflammatory cells
Cellular debris
Bacteria

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4
Q

What drugs are called mucoregulatory medications?

A
  • corticosteroids
  • indomethacin
  • macrolide antibiotics
  • anti-cholinergic agents
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5
Q

What are mucoregulatory drugs useful in?

A

Broncorrhea associated with airway inflammation.

-decreased hypersecretion

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6
Q

What are some therapeutic options for hypersecretion?

A

Remove causative factors
Optimize clearance(bronchodilators/coughing)
Use mucoactive agents when indicated

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7
Q

What is mucomyst used for?

2 things

A
  • Mucolytic

- acetaminophen OD

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8
Q

What is the mode of action for mucomyst?

A

Disrupts Di-sulfide bonds

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9
Q

What’s a hazard of mucomyst?

A

Bronchodpasms

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10
Q

What are some secondary complications of mucomyst?

A

NSR
Nausea
Rhinorrhea
Stomatitis

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11
Q

What are you not allowed to mix with NAC?

A

Antifungals

Antibiotics

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12
Q

What is dornase Alfa used for?

A
  • Mucoactive agent for CF pts and to preserve or improve their LUNG FUNCTION
  • to reduce respiratory infections that require paraenteral antibiotics
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13
Q

What does dornase Alfa do to non-CF airways diseases?

A

No efficacy

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14
Q

What is the mode of action of Dornase alfa?

A

Decreases viscocity and adhesivity

-decreases DNA of sputum

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15
Q

What are the storage requirements of dornase Alfa?

A

Refrigerate and protect for light

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16
Q

What are the common side effects are of dornase Alfa?

A

Voice alternations
Inflammation of larynx and pharynx
Rash
Chest pain

17
Q

What are some expectorants?

A 
MSGS
SSKI(iodine containing)
Sodium bi-carb
Guaifenesin
Mannitol(oligosaccaride)
18
Q

What is something you give a patient before using broncotol?

A

SABA

19
Q

What do beta agonists do to cilia?

A

-Increase beat frequency, but doesn’t really effect mucous clearance

20
Q

What’s an issue with using a bronchodilator for airway clearance?

A

It opens up the airway, but by relaxing the airway, it can cause collapse in floppy airways.
This can cause plugging

21
Q

What are some mucokenetic agents?

A

Bronchodilators

Surface phospholipids

22
Q

What is the % concentration of hypertonic saline?

A

7%

23
Q

Which patients are too risky to give gravity postural drainage therapies to?

A

GERD

Muscle weakness

24
Q

What is insufflation/exsufflation exercise?

A

Using machines to give positive pressure to inflate then negative pressure to stimulate coughing

25
Q

Who would benefit from insufflation/exsufflation exercises?

A
  • COPD

- neurological muscle weakness patients who can’t cough

26
Q

What are the steps of the active cycle breathing (ACB)?

A

-take breath at mid-volume inhale
-squeeze are out air from chest and abdomen
(It shouldn’t be a violent huff)

27
Q

What is a mucolytic agent?

A

An agent that breaks down mucus

28
Q

What is a cause for decreased secretions in CF patients?

A

Defective ion transports for sodium and chloride

29
Q

What 2 destructive forces do bronchial secretions stop?

A
  • alpha 1 protease enzymes

- leukoproteases

30
Q

What are some diseases involved in hypersecretion is mucus?

A
  • chronic bronchitis
  • asthma
  • bronchorrhhea
31
Q

What do diseased CF lung airways consist of?

A

DNA-rich pus

32
Q

How do you describe the mucus airways of CB patients?

A

Excessive number of goblet and submucosal glands

Which causes hypersecretion

33
Q

What is an issue with asthmatic patients who have been under constant beta agonist usage when diagnosed for hypersecretion?

A

Beta agonists may induce secretion of viscous mucus.

Aggressive usage may contribute to airway obstruction

34
Q

What is a mucokenetic agent?

A

Increase cough clearance by increasing expository flow or by reducing sputum adhesivity and tenacity

35
Q

What’s the mode of action for anticholenergic agents with regards to mucoregulatory treatment?

A

They stop production of mucous by inhibiting M3 cholinergic mechanisms.
They don’t dry secretions

36
Q

What is hyperosmolar saline used for?

A

To induce sputum for testing

37
Q

What is autogenic drainage?

A

Incorporating staged breathing techniques to collect sputum in central airways.
Then suppress coughs but keep building volume of breaths over time until you get to a moment where you can cough out a lot

38
Q

What is a draw back to autogenic drainage?

A

It requires lots of coordination.

Patients over 8 years old

39
Q

What is a form of PAP that people can do themselves?

A

Pursed lip breathing used by COPD patients

Principles Of Respiratory Care II (10 decks)

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