heredity Flashcards
heredity
is the passing of phenotype traits from parents to their offspring, either through asexual reproduction or sexual reproduction.
dominant trait
In genetics, a trait that will appear in the offspring if one of the parents contributes it
recessive trait
The first allele is dominant and the second allele is recessive.
genes
A gene is the basic physical and functional unit of heredity.
allales
An allele is a variant form of a gene
phenotype
A phenotype is an individual’s observable traits, such as height, eye color, and blood type.
genotype
A genotype is an individual’s collection of genes
probability
Probability is the measure of the likeliness that an event will occur
homologous chromosones
One chromosome of each homologous pair comes from the mother (called a maternal chromosome) and one comes from the father (paternal chromsosome).
meiosis
a type of cell division that results in four daughter cells each with half the number of chromosomes of the parent cell, as in the production of gametes and plant spores.
sex chromosomes
a chromosome involved with determining the sex of an organism, typically one of two kinds.
pedigree
the record of descent of an animal, showing it to be purebred.
DNA
deoxyribonucleic acid, a self-replicating material present in nearly all living organisms as the main constituent of chromosomes. It is the carrier of genetic information.
necliotide
A nucleotide is one of the structural components, or building blocks, of DNA and RNA.
RNA
ribonucleic acid, a nucleic acid present in all living cells.
