Urinary Sediments: Cells

Question 1

of RBCs shown on high power field that indicate hematuria

Answer 1

3-5

Question 2

of WBCs shown on high power field that indicate pyuria

Answer 2

30

Question 3

white cell clumps =

Answer 3

UTI

Question 4

WBC + RBC and bacteria =

Answer 4

UTI

Question 5

increased WBC could be found in (2) physiological states

Answer 5

dehydration

strenuous exercise

Question 6

renal epithelial cells originate from

Answer 6

tubular portion of nephrons and collecting ducts

Question 7

caudate cells originate from

Answer 7

renal pelvis

Question 8

urothelial cells originate from

Answer 8

upper 1/3 bladder and ureters

Question 9

squamous cells originate from

Answer 9

lower urethra
bladder
vagina

Question 10

increased # of renal cells could indicate

Answer 10

pyelonephritis
acute tubular necrosis
acute trauma of kidney
kidney transplant rejection
neoplasms

Question 11

oval fat bodies are ________ cells that have absorbed ______ with cholesterol and triglycerides leaked from nephrotic glomeruli or _______ leukocytes that have ingested lipids or degenerated

Answer 11

renal tubular epithelial cells
lipoproteins
macrophage or polymorphonuclear leukocytes

Question 12

characteristics of renal tubular epithelial cells

Answer 12

normally few visible
larger than leukocytes
contain large round nucleus
may be flat, cuboidal or columnar

Question 13

presence of oval fat bodies and proteinuria =

Answer 13

nephrotic syndrome

Question 14

polarized anisotropic fat droplets are known as _______ and contain ____

Answer 14

maltese crosses

cholesterol

Question 15

fat bodies that contain triglycerides will not _____ but with stain with Sudan III

Answer 15

polarize

Question 16

fat is detected by ____ examination

Answer 16

microscopic (NOT CHEMICAL)

Question 17

lipiduria develops due to:

Answer 17

• degeneration of tubules in nephrotic syndrome (chronic glomerulonephritis, diabetes mellitus, eclampsia, lipid nephrosis, toxic renal poisoning)
• extensive superficial injuries with crushing of subcutaneous fat
• fracture of major long bones or pelvis (fat released from bone marrow)

Question 18

transitional cells are ____ x LARGER than WBCs

Answer 18

2-4x

Question 19

normal # of transitional epithelial cells in healthy person urine

Answer 19

0- few

Question 20

increased amount of transitional epithelial cells could be due to:

Answer 20

UTI
catheterisation of ureter
transitional cell carcinoma

Question 21

characteristics of squamous epithelial cells

Answer 21

large, flat, irregularly shaped
flat scale-like shape
small central nucleus

Question 22

normal # of squamous epithelial cells in healthy person urine

Answer 22

30

Question 23

large # of squamous epithelial cells could signify:

Answer 23

vaginitis
urethritis/cystitis
testicular tumor (cystoscopy)

Question 24

the urine is usually free of _____ while in kidney or bladder, but contamination may occur from it present in ______, ____ or _____

Answer 24

bacteria
urethra
vagina
external environ.

Question 25

if freshly voided urine contain large amount of bacteria and WBCs, usually is _____ ; ____ may also be present, but not always

Answer 25

UTI

nitrite

Question 26

____ may be found in UTIs, especially with patients who have diabetes

Answer 26

yeast

Question 27

most frequently occurring parasite in urine is called _____; _____ organism that is about same size as WBC – only report if MOTILE

Answer 27

trichomonas vaginalis

flagellate

Question 28

trichomonas vaginalis is MC in ____ and usually accompanied by ______ and ____ cells

Answer 28

females
WBCs
epithelial cells

Question 29

parasite that may be in female adult urine

Answer 29

enterobius vermicularis (pinworm)

Question 30

ova are very characteristic in shape, having one flat and one round side

Answer 30

enterobius vermicularis (pinworm)

Question 31

blood fluke that inhabits veins in the walls of urinary bladder; the adult deposits eggs in the capillaries of mucosa

Answer 31

schistosoma haematobium