4.4 - Definition 1st

Question 1

The living organisms and the environment with which they interact

Answer 1

Ecosystem

Question 2

The natural environment where an organism lives

Answer 2

Habitat

Question 3

The role of a species within an ecosystem

Answer 3

Niche

Question 4

A group of similar organisms that can interbreed naturally to produce fertile offspring

Answer 4

Species

Question 5

All of the individuals of the same species that live at the same place and time

Answer 5

Population

Question 6

The living parts of an ecosystem, which includes the organisms and their effects on each other

Answer 6

Biotic Factors

Question 7

An illness characterized by specific signs and symptoms

Answer 7

Disease

Question 8

Competition between individuals of the same species (for example, for food or a mate)

Answer 8

Intra-specific Competition

Question 9

Competition between members of different species (for example, predator-prey)

Answer 9

Inter-specific Competition

Question 10

A method to estimate the population size of mobile species

Answer 10

Mark-release-recapture

Question 11

A mathematical equation that can use the mark-release-recapture data to estimate the population size

Answer 11

Lincoln Index

Question 12

A plastic or metal square that sets a standard unit of area for study of the distribution of marine organisms

Answer 12

Frame Quadrat

Question 13

A rope or tape marked at regular intervals that sets standard distances for study or the distribution of marine organisms

Answer 13

Transect

Question 14

A sampling method involving counting of species that touch the transect

Answer 14

Line Transect

Question 15

Samples are taken along the whole length of the transect

Answer 15

Continuous Sampling

Question 16

Samples are taken at fixed intervals along the transect

Answer 16

Systematic Sampling

Question 17

A sampling method involving counting of species in frame quadrats placed adjacent to the transect

Answer 17

Belt Transect

Question 18

Samples are taken at random places within the sample site

Answer 18

Random Sampling

Question 19

Evaluates and chooses ways to protect the natural habitat under investigation

Answer 19

Ethical method

Question 20

Identifies potential hazards and then reducing their risk of occurring

Answer 20

Safe Method

Question 21

A graph of the distribution and abundance of organisms in the littoral zone that allows zonation patterns to be easily seen

Answer 21

Kite Graph

Question 22

The number of species in a community

Answer 22

Richness

Question 23

A measure of the relative abundance of the populations of different species in an area

Answer 23

Evenness

Question 24

A biodiversity measure that accounts for both species richness and evenness

Answer 24

Simpson’s Index of Diversity (D)

Question 25

There is no correlation between the two sets of variables

Answer 25

Null Hypothesis (H0)

Question 26

An explanation of an observation that can be tested through experimentation

Answer 26

Hypothesis

Question 27

When two sets of variables are plotted to indicate if there is a relationship between them

Answer 27

Scatter Graph

Question 28

A mathematical tool used to find out if there is a correlation between two sets of variables, when they are not normally distributed

Answer 28

Spearman's Rank Correlation

Question 29

Indicate when the calculated Spearman's rank is sufficient to suggest a correlation between the two sets of variables

Answer 29

Critical values of rs

Question 30

There is a significant correlation between two sets of variables

Answer 30

Alternative Hypothesis