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emma ips > Week 10 > Flashcards

Week 10 Flashcards

1
Q

What group processes will you be focussing on to assist your professional understanding of teamwork and for your exam?
1 - Group R____ e.g. Maintenance, task, leadership
2 - Group N_____ expected standards of behaviour
3 - Group C________ alliance of group members
4 - Group C__________ adherence to group rules, behaviours, standards

A

1 - Group Roles
2 - Group Norms
3 - Group Cohesion
4 - Group Conformity

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2
Q

What is a group?

A

A collection of individuals who, as a result of interacting with one another over time, become interdependent, developing shared patterns of behaviour and a collective identity

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3
Q

What are the four features of group communication?

A
  • Interdependence
  • Share goals or common interest
  • Influence
  • Recognisable pattern of behaviour
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4
Q

What is group communication?

A

A pattern of responding that occurs between people who are interdependent, reflecting their mutual goasl or common interests

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5
Q

Features of group communication - What is interdependence?

A

Means that each group member shares a ‘common fate’. When something impacts on one for the group members, there will be a flow-on effect to other group members.

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6
Q

What are the four main group processes?

A
  • Group roles
  • Group norms
  • Group cohesion
  • Group conformity
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7
Q

Group processes - what is group roles?

A

The behaviours performed by members of the group that serve to promote task-oriented behaviour of that service to improve group cohesion

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8
Q

What is group processes?

A

Any factors that can impact, positively or negatively, on a group’s ability to function effectively and efficiently

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9
Q

Group Roles - what type of group roles are there?

A
  • Leadership
  • Task/instrumental
    = Information seeker, coordinator, recorder, initiator, critic
  • Maintenance
    = Encourager, observer, harmoniser
  • Negative
    = Dominator, blocker, special-interest pleader, joker
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10
Q

Group processes - What are the four main negative roles (troublesome peers/work colleagues)?

A
  • A soap opera star
    = Self-centered focuses too much on self to be of help to others
  • A adolescent
    = Not keen on groups, can act immature even much preferring to work independently. Can resort to screaming and yelling at team mates
  • A playboy / playgirl
    = Lacks professional focus, sexually harasses, ignores those with legitimate authotiy
  • A bully
    = Hustler, tries to control others to get them to do their work, but sill takes credit for it
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11
Q

Group processes - What is group norms?

A

A standard of behaviour or an expectation that can reduce uncertainty and improve group cohesion

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12
Q

What forms can Group Norms take?

A 
- Explicit
= Stated clearly and in detail
- Implicit
= Suggested though not directly expressed
- Invisible
= Unable to be seen
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13
Q

Group processes - What is group cohesion?

A

The degree of affiliation that is felt between each of the group’s members that encourages group members to remain in a group

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14
Q

Group processes - What is group conformity?

A

The tendency of the members of a group to follow rules and expected behaviors

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15
Q

What are the five stages of group development?

A
  • Forming (Dependency and inclusion)
  • Storming (Counterdependency and fight)
  • Norming (Trust and structure)
  • Performing (Work)
  • Adjourning (Termination)
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16
Q

Group development - what is the forming (dependency and inclusion) stage?

A

Team acquaints and establishes ground rules. Formalities are preserved and members are treated as strangers

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17
Q

Group development - what is the storming (counterdependency and fight) stage?

A

Members start to communicate their feelings but stlil view themselves as individuals rather than part of the ream. They resist control by group leaders and show hostility

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18
Q

Group development - what is the norming (trust and structure) stage?

A

People feel part of the team and realise that they can achieve work if they accept other viewpoints

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19
Q

Group development - what is the performing (work) stage?

A

The team works in an open and trusting atmosphere where flexibility is key and hierarchy is of little importance

20
Q

Group development - what is the adjourning (termination) stage?

A

The team conducts an assessment of the year and implements a plan for transitioning roles and recognises members contributions

21
Q

What is synergy?

A

When the group’s output is greater than the sim of the individual’s contributions

22
Q

What are the three interpersonal needs that humans strive to achieve when interacting with others?

A
  • Inclusion
  • Control
  • Affection
23
Q

What are the two disadvantages of group communication?

A
  • Social loafing

- Groupthink

24
Q

Disadvantage of group communication - What is social loafing?

A

When group members avoid contributing to the group’s tasks thereby requiring other group members to complete their work

25
Q

Disadvantages of group communication - What is groupthink?

A

A situation that occurs when group members unconsciously exert pressure on each other to behave in the group’s best interest and never say or do anything that would go against the interest of the group

26
Q

Disadvantages of group communication - What are some characteristics of groupthink?

A
  • Illusion of invulnerability
  • Collective rationalization
  • Illusion of moality
  • Excessive stereotyping
  • Pressure for conformity
  • Self-censorship
  • Illusion of unanimity
  • Mindguards
27
Q

What is leadership?

A

The process through which leaders exert influence among members of a group

28
Q

What are the three perspectives of leadership?

A
  • Trait approach
  • Functional approach
  • Situational approach
29
Q

Perspectives of leadership - what is the trait approach?

A

Attempts to identify personality characteristics common to successful leaders. Such as:

  • drive
  • desire to lead
  • honesty and integrity
  • self-confidence
  • cognitive ability
  • knowledge of the business
30
Q

Perspectives of leadership - what is the functional approach?

A
  • What function does a leader need to undertake?

- Views leadership as a set of communication behaviours (task and process) that may be enacted by any group member

31
Q

Perspectives of leadership - What is the situational approach?

A
  • Adapting style to context
  • Relates effective leadership to interaction between leadership style and the group’s situation
  • Leader serves a function that is relevant to a specific context
32
Q

What are the three leadership styles?

A
  • Authoritarian
  • Democratic
  • Laissez-faire
33
Q

Leadership styles - what is the authoritarian style?

A
  • makes the decisions
  • dictates timing and roles
  • doesn’t actively participate
  • gives praise or critism
34
Q

Leadership styles - what is the democratic style?

A
  • decisions are based on group discussion
  • process, goal and division of labour group decision
  • objective praise/critism
  • tries to be a regular group member
35
Q

Leadership styles - what is the laissez-faire style?

A
  • takes no part in decision making
  • gives group complete freedom
  • supplies the materials or information when asked but otherwise is not involved
  • makes infrequent, spontaneous comments to members
  • no attempt to be involved in progress
36
Q

Is one leadership style better than the others?

A

No. No single style is better than the other. Need to consider culture, time constraints, group compatibility and nature of the task

37
Q

What are peers?

A

The people who you have in your life whom you see as your equals and with whom you share similar characteristics

38
Q

What are the three different types of peer relationships within organisations?

A
  • Information peer relationships
  • Collegial peer relationships
  • Special peer relationships?
39
Q

Peer relationships - what are information peer relationships?

A
  • Superficial relationships characterised by low levels of intimacy, low levels of self-disclosure and low levels of trust
  • Topic of communication is typically limited to work-related tasks and responsibilities
40
Q

Peer relationships - what are collegial peer relationships?

A
  • Moderate levels of trust, intimacy and self-disclosure
  • Topic of discussion may vary a little more than information peer relationships and may start to touch on some non-work related areas of concern
  • These relationships may be the start of a friendship in the workplace
41
Q

Peer relationships - what are special peer relationships?

A
  • Characteristed by high levels of disclosure, intimacy and trust
  • Very supportive in nature and may be the peer version of a ‘best friend
  • Co-workers in special peer relationships report being able to discuss almost any topic with their peer friend with a high level of openness
42
Q

What is the main type of specialist peer communication focused on in this unit?

A

Peer supervision (sometimes called peer consultation in Australia)

43
Q

What is peer supervision (consultation)?

A
  • A formal review of the work of a member that is requested by that member, and utilities the expertise and competence of his or her peers. The group provides ‘expert advise’ n relation to the practice of the member
  • A necessary component of practice and part of many health registration boards
  • Can be individual or within groups
44
Q

What is the role of peer supervision (consultation)?

A
  • tool for reflective practice
  • communication messages of strength and support
  • help colleagues work through issues they may be facing in their practice
  • help peers identify competencies that they wish to achieve and assist them in achieving these
  • debrief in difficult situations
45
Q

What are some guidelines for peer communication within the workplace?

A
  • be respectful of a colleagues time
  • be respectful of a persons territory
  • follow the rules for effective electronic communication
  • discard your facebook grammar, spelling, acronyms and smileys :)
  • use the appropriate medium for sending messages
  • be willing to communicate
  • understand the variety of purposes the grapevine serves
  • be mindful of all your organisations communications
  • treat everyone politely, even the newest person

emma ips (9 decks)

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