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Pharmacology 3 > GI 2 > Flashcards

GI 2 Flashcards

1
Q

what is the most common medical cause of constipation

A

narcotics

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2
Q

what is the other thing that causes constipation?

A

aluminum

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3
Q

What is lactulose? what is another similar one?

A

synthetic sugar that is not absorbed and pulls water into the colon

SORBITOL is similar

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4
Q

What is polyethylene glycol?

A

pre colonoscopy drug that cleans the bowels

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5
Q

what is propylene glycol?

A

dilutant, for drugs that won’t dissolve in water

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6
Q

what is ethylene glycol?

A

anti freeze

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7
Q

What is decussate sodium?

A

stool softener

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8
Q

what is bisacodyl?

A

increases colon motility

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9
Q

how does castor oil work?

A

lubricates the stool

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10
Q

what is SENA?

A

stimulant

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11
Q

Risk of overuse of anti-consipations?

A

electrolyte disturbances, hyponatremia (seizures)

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12
Q

What is the cause of diarrhea?

A

magnesium

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13
Q

What is semitone?

A

anti-flatulence medicine that is a surfactant that decreases gas bubble formation in the colon

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14
Q

What are the 3 anti-mobility agents?

A

Codiene
Diphenoxylate/Atropine
Loperamide

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15
Q

What will you get on a cruise ship?

A

Norwalk Virus

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16
Q

What will you get in the kiddie pool?

A

Giardia

17
Q

How do you treat C. diff?

A

do not slow the diarrhea down, it produces a toxin and the diarrhea expels it. Treat with ORAL vancomycin

18
Q

How does Beano work?

A

enzyme breaks down sugar before the bacteria can so more better absorption, makes food a little more fattening

19
Q

How do you treat ulcerative colitis?

A

Sulfasalazine
Mesalamine
local anti-inflammatory effect

also corticosteroids

20
Q

How do you treat irritable bowel syndrome?

A

Dicyclomine

anti spasmodic/anticholinergic specific to the intestinal musculature of the Large colon

21
Q

Name the 8 Antiemetics

A
  • Antihistamines
  • Phenothiazines
  • 5-HT receptor blockers
  • prokinetics
  • BDZs
  • Cannabinoids
  • Corticosteroids
  • Substance P receptor blockers
22
Q

What is the DOC for chemo?

A

Ondansetron (serotonin receptor blocker)

23
Q

What is the steroid of choice for antiemetics?

A

Dexamethasone (lipophilic so crosses BB and can get to chemo trigger zone)

24
Q

What is substance P?

A

mediates pain, nausea, vomiting

Pharmacology 3 (10 decks)

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