Chapter 9 Vocab Flashcards

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1
Q

Asexual reproduction

A

•offspring are clones/identical to the parent cell

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2
Q

Cancer

A

•uncontrollable growth and division of cells

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3
Q

Cell cycle

A
  • 5 stages
  • prevents the cell from becoming too large
  • allows for growth and heals certain injuries
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4
Q

Centromere

A

•cell structure that joins 2 sister chromatids

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5
Q

Chromosome

A

•packaged and organized, consisting of DNA, protein and RNA

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6
Q

Crossing over

A
  • non-sister chromatids exchange pieces of genetic material

* provides 4 different chromosomes

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7
Q

Cyntokinesis

A

•final step of the cycle where the cells cytoplasm divides into 2 new cells

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8
Q

Diploid

A

• having 2 copies of each chromosome

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9
Q

Gamete

A
  • haploid sex cell

* combines with another gamete to produce fertilized diploid cell

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10
Q

Haploid

A

•cell with half the number of chromosomes as a diploid

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11
Q

Interphase

A

•1st stage of the cell cycle in which a cell grows, matures, and replicates its DNA

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12
Q

Meiosis

A
  • reduction division process

* occurs in the reproductive cells

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13
Q

Metaphase (middle)

A
  • sister chromatids line up in the middle of the cell

* 2nd stage in mitosis

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14
Q

Mitosis

A

•DNA gets copied correctly and equally divided

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15
Q

Prophase (pre)

A
  • nuclear envelope seems to disappear

* 1st stage in mitosis

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16
Q

Sexual reproduction

A

•production of new living organisms by combining genetic information from two individuals of different types

17
Q

Sister chromatids

A

•structure that contains identical DNA copies and his form during DNA replication

18
Q

Telophase

A
  • 2 new nuclear membranes begin to form around the DNA

* last stage of mitosis

19
Q

Zygote

A

• fertilized diploid that results in a baby

20
Q

Anaphase

A
  • Sister chromatids separate

* chromosomes move toward the poles of the cell