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PTA 2 > Unit 10 > Flashcards

Unit 10 Flashcards

1
Q

What is T1 Diabetes?

A

IDDM - Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus.
Pancreas does not produce ANY insulin.
This causes sugars to build-up in the blood instead of being converted in2 energy.

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2
Q

What cells does this Autoimmune disease destroy?

A

Islet Cells

*Which produce insulin

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3
Q

What is T1 D. sometimes referred to and why?

A

Juvenile Disease as the age of onset is usually under 12yr

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4
Q

What are the SYMPTOMS of T1 Diabetes?

A
  1. Poly - dipsia
  2. Poly - dhagia
  3. Poly - uria
  4. Muscle Wasting
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5
Q

What is TII Diabetes?

A

NIDDM - Non-Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus
Pancreas does not produce ENOUGH insulin to meet demand.
OR
Cells are not using available insulin effectively, so cells become “INSULIN RESISTANT”

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6
Q

What is GDM?

A

GDM - Gestational Diabetes

Temporary condition occurs during pregnancy.

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7
Q

What are the effects of GDM on infants?

A
  1. Increased risk of should dystocia.
  2. High birth weight.
  3. Increased risk of developing TII diabetes.
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8
Q

Why do clients w diabetes need a PT/A?

A
  1. Min amount of insulin required - ex. helps lower blood naturally.
  2. Diabetes is a 2nd complication
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9
Q

Why do we need 2no if a client has diabetes?

A
  • Clients are more prone 2certain complications when ex.
  • May respond differently 2ex.
  • Diabetic clients do not heal very well.
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10
Q

Complications of Diabetes - Vascular:

A
  1. Coronary Artery Disease.
  2. PVD
  3. CVA
  4. Hypertension
  5. Renal Dysfuntion
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11
Q

Complications of Diabetes - Peripheral Neuropathy:

A

Is most common.

  • Numbness, tingling, burning LE.
  • Balance Issues
  • Wound Infection
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12
Q

Complications of Diabetes - Autonomic Neuropathy:

A

Damage 2the SNS & PNS

  • Postural Hypotension.
  • Sleep apnea.
  • Impotence
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13
Q

Exercise + TII Diabetes

A

Chronic high blood sugar levels.

  • Ex. helps lower blood sugar levels.
  • Ex. also stimulates insulin production.
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14
Q

What is the response 2ex in diabetes affected by?

A
  1. Site of insulin.
  2. Ex. of intensity/type/duration
  3. Level of insulin art start of ex.
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15
Q

Diabetics should NOT ex. when:

A
  1. They have NOT eaten in 7hrs.
  2. Vomited or had diarrhea in the last 24-36 hrs.
  3. Activity might cause trauma to feet.
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16
Q

So when Ex. for diabetic clients, remember:

A
  1. Altered HR/BP responses to ex. - Monitor vitals + glucose levels.
  2. Fluid imbalance - requires slower/longer warm-up/cool down.
  3. Ex. induced hypoglycaemia - 2little food/ 2much ex.
17
Q

What are the signs + symptoms of Hypoglycemia?

A
  • Lightheadedness
  • Tremor
  • Weakness/Fatigue
  • Sweating
  • Hunger
18
Q

How to avoid Hypoglycemia?

A
  • Do not ex. if blood sugars r2 high/low.
  • Do not ex.for one hr after a large meal.
  • Do eat carbohydrate snack 30mins prior 2ex.
19
Q

What to remember when ex. for Skin difficulties:

A
  1. Neuropathy may lead 2diminished sensation + increased risk of injury.
  2. Don’t heal well - skin care is vital 2prevent injury.
  3. Watch for pressure points (redness/skin breakdown).
  4. Avoid activities likely 2damage skin.
  5. Educate clients on the importance of skin care (foot hygiene/care of wounds).
20
Q

What are the 3 main types of arterial reconstruction + bypass used to treat PVD?

A
  1. Aorta Femoral Bypass
  2. Femoral Bypass
  3. Femoral - Popiteal Bypass
21
Q

What are the 3 main RA treatments post op for clients.

A
  1. Exercise + mobilise
  2. Positioning + weight bearing
  3. Compression
22
Q

What is PVD

A

An obstruction (atherosclerosis) of the large peripheral arteries.
Leads to thrombus.
Causes either chronic or acute ischemia

23
Q

What does a Ankle-Brachial Index Assessment do?

A

Measure of arterial blood flow to the extremity

PTA 2 (12 decks)

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