Lab 10

Question 1

What is the basic body plan of all mollusks

Answer 1

mantle, foot, and visceral mass

Question 2

A space through which water or in some cases air circulates

Answer 2

mantle cavity

Question 3

Vascularized filamentous projections derived from the mantle are housed within the mantle cavity and function as gills in aquatic species (respiratory structures)

Answer 3

Ctenidia

Question 4

The reproductive, digestive, and excretory organs of mollusks

Answer 4

visceral mass

Question 5

Most mollusks have a ___ that is secreted by the outer surface of the mantle

Answer 5

shell

Question 6

A typical shell consists of two layers of _____ covered by an organic layer of the protein _____

Answer 6

calcium carbonate

conchin

Question 7

The shell consists of three layers

Answer 7

Periostracum = conchin protein
Prismatic layer = calcium carbonate
Nacreous layer = mother of pearl

Question 8

Protects the inner calcium-rich layers from erosion

Answer 8

Periostracum shell layer

Question 9

The smooth mother-of-pearl, inner surface that is secreted continuously by the mantle

Answer 9

Nacreous shell layer

Question 10

Between the periostracum and the nacreous layer lies the ___ which is made of densely packed crystals of calcium carbonate

Answer 10

Prismatic shell layer

Question 11

Members of this class are commonly called Chitons, are grazing herbivores found primarily in shallow marine environments

Answer 11

Class Polyplacophora

Question 12

A hard grooved surface that the animals use to scrape and grind algae off of rocks and other surfaces

Answer 12

Radula

Question 13

The two jobs of the mantle are

Answer 13

To house and give rise to the resp tissues

To secrete the shell

Question 14

This class includes clams, mussels, oysters and scallops

Answer 14

Class Bivalvia

Question 15

A bump off to one side of the hinge of a clam, always on the anterior side

Answer 15

Umbo

Question 16

Control the opening and closing of the clam shell

Answer 16

adductor muscles

Question 17

Inside a clam the walls of the gill known as the ___ give the gill its ribbed appearance

Answer 17

lamellae

Question 18

The muscular hatchet shaped structure near the anterior of the clam

Answer 18

Foot

Question 19

Where the gills of the clam connect

Answer 19

suprabranchial chamber

Question 20

Inside a clam, pairs of flaps that help direct food that was collected ion the gills toward the mouth

Answer 20

labial palps

Question 21

This class includes limpets, snails, slugs, and nudibranchs

Answer 21

Class Gastropoda

Question 22

Gastropods starts out as bilaterally symmetrical but during embryonic development they undergo ___ asymmetric growth that repositions the mantle cavity and anus

Answer 22

torsion

Question 23

This class includes squid, octopus, cuttlefish, and nautilus

Answer 23

Class Cephalopoda

Question 24

The foot of class Cephalopoda is unique in that it has developed into

Answer 24

a ring of arms and tentacles which are usually covered with suction cups

Question 25

The squids body is spotted due to the presence of pigmented bodies called

Answer 25

chromatophores

Question 26

The eight short appendages of the squid are ___ and the two long appendages are ____

Answer 26

arms

tentacles

Question 27

At the base of each gill of the squid is a ____ tht pumps blood into the gills

Answer 27

branchial heart

Question 28

In a squid, oxygenated blood returns to the ___ via the branchial vein

Answer 28

systemic heart

Question 29

IN contrast to other mollusks cephalopods have a

Answer 29

closed circulatory system

Question 30

If your squid specimen was female the most obvious feature was a pair of large white ___ located centrally in the mantle cavity

Answer 30

nidamental glands