Test 3 (terms)

Question 1

Narthex

Answer 1

And entrance hall or vestibule preceding the nave of a church

Question 2

Nave

Answer 2

The large central hall of the church made for use by the congregation

Question 3

Transept

Answer 3

In a cruciform church, the whole arm set at right angles to the nave

Question 4

Crossing

Answer 4

The area in a church where the transept crosses the nave

Question 5

Apse

Answer 5

A large niche facing the nave of a church. Usually in the form of a 1/2 cylinder covered with a 1/2 dome.

Question 6

Clerestory

Answer 6

An area elevated above adjacent rooftops usually along a central axis. It’s purpose is to allow light into the interior (nave) and it has Windows.

Question 7

Syncretism

Answer 7

A fusion of differing systems of belief

Question 8

Attribute

Answer 8

The symbolic object or objects that identify a particular deity saint or personification in art ex: zuse with thunderbolt/ keys with St. Peter

Question 9

Halo

Answer 9

A controversial symbol of radiant light place places around the heads of Saints as an indication of their holiness. Ordinarily it was a mark of distinction placed around the heads of gods and kings. The tradition also survives in representations of Buddha.

Question 10

Pendentive

Answer 10

The curving triangular surface used to link a dome to a space below of a square plane. The Byzantines main contribution to structural engendering

Question 11

Tessera

Answer 11

The individual cut pieces of stone, glass or other material used in the mosaic medium

Question 12

Icon

Answer 12

An image; especially in a Greek church, A panel with a painting of sacred personages that are objects of veneration
Very popular
Designed to serve as a means of communication between the worshiper and the deity
often produced in monasteries (sales equals income)
Fixed patterns that were repeated
Noteworthy for craftsmanship rather than inventiveness

Question 13

Iconoclasm

Answer 13

A period in eighth century Byzantium in which a series of calamities irrupt it, indirectly bringing about an empirical ban on images- The destruction of which we call iconoclasm

Question 14

Repoussè

Answer 14

A technique for hammering metal from behind to create a protruding image

Question 15

Cabochon

Answer 15

Gem that is smooth and rounded rather than faceted

Question 16

Esque

Answer 16

Esque=like

Question 17

Ambulatory

Answer 17

The walkway around an apse in a church

Question 18

Radiating chapels

Answer 18

In medieval church’s, chapels for the display of relics that opens directly onto the ambulatory and transept

Question 19

Ribs

Answer 19

In architecture, raised surface elements that outline and help support a vault
A French invention

Question 20

Buttress

Answer 20

The projecting support build against an exterior wall that counteracts the outward thrust of an arch, wall, and/or roof. (It allows for greater height)

Question 21

Portal

Answer 21

A grand entrance, door or gate, uaually to an important public building, and often decorated with sculpture.

Question 22

Stylization

Answer 22

A manner of representation that conforms to an intellectual artistic idea rather than to naturalistic appearances (non-organic surface detail)

Question 23

Scholasticism

Answer 23

The Gothic school of philosophy in which scholars applied Aristotle’s system of rational inquiry to the interpretation of religious believes

Question 24

Flying buttress

Answer 24

A structural element in the form of an arch or half arch transmitting the thrust of a vault or roof from the upper part of the wall to an outer support then to the ground. (Allows for windows)

Question 25

Stained glass

Answer 25

Windows composed of colored glass joined by lead strips

Question 26

Tracery

Answer 26

The stone or wooden bars in a window, screen, or panel, that supports the structure and often create an elaborate decorative pattern

Question 27

Rose window

Answer 27

A large, circular window with tracery radiating from its center to form s flower like symmetrical pattern in a gothic church

Question 28

Cathedral

Answer 28

The principal church of a bishops see and one that contains his official throne
All cathedrals are churches, but not all churches are cathedrals
Gothic cathedrals Are dedicated to the Virgin Mary unless it was one that was rebuilt

Question 29

Proto

Answer 29

First in time, earliest, first formed

Question 30

Intuitive perspective

Answer 30

A method of giving the impression of recession by visual instinct, not by the use of an overall system or program

Question 31

Humanism

Answer 31

In the Renaissance, an emphasis on education and on expanding knowledge (especially of classical antiquity), the exploration of individual potential and a desire to excel, and a commitment to civic responsibility

Question 32

Classicism

Answer 32

Aesthetic attitudes and principles based on the culture art and literature of ancient Greece and rome and characterized by emphasis on form, simplicity, proportion and restraint emotion

Question 33

Basilica

Answer 33

To the ancient Romans a large building use for public administration in Christian times a church with a central nave flanking isles, apse and clerestory.

Question 34

Trompe l’ oeil

Answer 34

“Fools the eye” a form of illusionist painting that that aims to deceive viewers into believing they are real objects rather than a representation of those objects.