Topic 7 Respiratory_2 (structures)

Question 1

Structure...
Houses olfactory receptors
Rich blood supply
Sticky mucous traps particulate
Have ciliates Cells move the mucous to the throat (pharynx) where it is swallowed and digested

Answer 1

Nose

Question 2

Structure…
Funnel shaped tube just behind the nasal cavity and above the larynx
Functions as: a passageway for air and food, a resonating chamber for sounds and as a housing for tonsils
At inferior end opens into the esophagus and larynx

Answer 2

Pharynx

Aka throat

Question 3

Structure…
Voice production
Routes air and food into their proper channels (trachea vs esophagus)
Inferior to where the pharynx splits into the tracheA and the esophAgus
The epiglottis protects the tone of it

Answer 3

Larynx

Aka voice box

Question 4

Structure…
Anterior to the esophagus
Fairly rigid c shaped rings of hyaline cartilage reinforce and support its shape
Lined with mucous membrane to filter particulate
Cilia sweep particulate out of the trachea to the throat for expectoration (coughing) or digestion

Answer 4

Trachea

Question 5

Structure…
Situated at the 5th thoracic vertebra, divides into right and left primary bronchi which travel to the right and left lung

Answer 5

Bronchi (sing. Bronchus)

Question 6

Related to bronchi…
An internal ridge where the trachea divides - it is one of the most sensitive areas of the trachea and larynx for triggering the cough reflex

Answer 6

Carina

Question 7

Structure…
2 organs separated by the heart and other structures in the mediastinum
Smooth muscle increase, cartilage decreases

Answer 7

Lungs

Question 8

Def.
The region in the thoracic cavity b/w the lungs - it extends from the sternum to the vertabrae and from the 1st rib to the clavicle

Answer 8

Mediastinum

Question 9

Lungs contd
Top of lung is called
Bottom of lung is called

Answer 9

Apex

Base

Question 10

Within lungs, each bronchus subdivides into smaller units…(4)

Answer 10

Secondary bronchi (3 lobes of the right/2 lobes of left)
Tertiary bronchi
Bronchioles
Terminal bronchioles

Question 11

Lungs contd

The terminal bronchioles divide further until et to …

Answer 11

Alveoli

Question 12

Def

A cup shaped outpouching lined with simple squamous epithelium supported by a thin elastic basement membrane

Answer 12

Alveoli

Question 13

2 or more alveoli that share a common opening

Answer 13

Alveolar sac

Question 14

Specific Structure Cell types…
Cells for gas exchange (simple squamous epithelium)
Cells for fluid secretion (keep cells moist)
____ macrophages remove dust
Fibroblasts make reticular and elastic fibres

Answer 14

Alveolar cells