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RUSVM Virology Fall 2015 > Adenoviridae > Flashcards

Adenoviridae Flashcards

1
Q

Viruses in the Family Adenoviridae are Enveloped or non-enveloped?

A

Non-enveloped

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2
Q

What type of symmetry do adenoviruses have?

A

Icosahedral

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3
Q

The capsid shell of adenoviruses has how many hexon subunits and how many trimers?

A

720 hexon subunits

240 trimers

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4
Q

How many vertex penton capsomers protrude from adenovirus capsids?

A

12

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5
Q

T/F: Adenovirus genome is segmented, linear double stranded DNA.

A

False, it is non-segmented

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6
Q

How are the virons of adenoviruses released?

A

Cell lysis

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7
Q

Histologically, what would you see in relation to adenovirus replication that is often in para-crystalline arrays?

A

Intranuclear inclusion bodies containing large numbers of virons

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8
Q

What do many adenoviruses cause with the penton fibers located on their capsid?

A

Hemagglutination

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9
Q

Can adenoviruses be oncogenic?

A

Yes

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10
Q

T/F: Adenoviruses are stable in the environment.

A

Yes, but are easily inactivated by disinfectants

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11
Q

How large is the host range of most adenoviruses?

A

Narrow

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12
Q

What are two common pathogeneses of adenoviruses?

A
  1. actue respiratory disease

2. gastroenteric disease

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13
Q

Which parts of the capsid cause inhibition of cellular RNA export to nucleus, inhibition of protein synthesis, cell rounding and tissue damage?

A

Penton and fiber proteins

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14
Q

What are 4 ways that adenoviruses cause immunosuppresion?

A
  1. Inhibition of MHC I antigen transport by E3/19K
  2. Inhibition of TNF induced apoptosis by E3/14.7K
  3. Blocking of INF-induced inhibition of viral protein synthesis
  4. Modulation of antiviral inflammatory response via inhibition of NFkB transcription
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15
Q

T/F adenoviruses can undergo long latency periods.

A

True, this is especially important in immunocompromised and immunodeficient patients.

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16
Q

Which adenovirus gene products are associated with

oncogenesis?

A

E1A

E1B

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17
Q

What are the 2 important genera within adenoviridae and what animals do they affect?

A
  1. Mastadenovirus- mammals

2. Aviadenovirus- avian

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18
Q

What is different about the penton fiber of aviadenoviruses compared to mastadenovirus penton fibers?

A

Aviadenovirus penton fibers are bifurcated.

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19
Q

What disease caused by and adenovirus is sometimes referred to as Rubarth’s disease?

A

Infectious Canine Hepatitis

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20
Q

What disease was Infectious Canine Hepatitis distinguished from in 1947. Ferrets are more susceptible to this disease than ICH.

A

Canine Distemper

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21
Q

Etiological agent of ICH

A

Canine adenovirus -1 (CAV-1)

22
Q

Route of transmission of ICH

A

Oronasal

23
Q

Sites of replication for CAV-1

A 
Macrophages
Kupffer cells
Hepatocytes
Vascular endothelium of organs including CNS
Parenchymal cells of organs and tissues
24
Q

How long will CAV-1 be shed in the urine of an infected animal after acute infection?

A

6-9 months

25
Q

What 3 organs are usually the first to undergo cellular injury due to the cytotoxic effects of CAV-1?

A
  1. Liver
  2. Kidney
  3. Eye
26
Q

T/F An antibody titer greater than 500 is usually sufficient to clear CAV-1 virus from blood and liver.

A

T

27
Q

What will happen to an animal infected with CAV-1 with a constantly low antibody titer?

A

centrilobular to panlobular hepatic necrosis

28
Q

An animal has an antibody titer of 258 for CAV-1. What is the expected outcome in terms of pathogenesis and immunity.

A

Partial immunity

Chronic active hepatitis and fibrosis

29
Q

What is the main consequence for the kidney in an animal infected with CAV-1?

A

Glomerulonephritis

30
Q

Concerning the eyes, what do we see in 20% of natural infection cases and 1% after vaccination.

A

blue eye (Corneal edema)

31
Q

How many days post infection would we see “blue eye” in an animal infected with CAV-1?

A

Day 7

32
Q

Acute clinical signs of ICH

A

Fever, depression, anorexia, vomiting, abdominal pain, hepatomegaly, hypermia or petechiae in oral mucosa, pale membranes, jaundice, active lymphatics, subq edema, corneal edema

33
Q

Necropsy signs of ICH

A

Paint brush hemorrhage on gastric serosa, lymph nodes, thymus, pancreas and subq tissue.
Centrilobular hepatonecrosis
grayish-white foci in the renal cortex in recovered or chronic animals

34
Q

Liver histopathology of ICH

A

Liver has neutrophilic and monocytic infiltration

hepatocellular intranuclear inclusions present

35
Q

Hematological signs of ICH

A 
Leukopenia
Increased ALT, AST due to hepatic injury
Proteinuria
extended prothrombin duration
thrombocytopenia
36
Q

Treatment for ICH

A

Supportive care, limit secondary infection, fluids, control hemorrhages

37
Q

Is CAV-1 or CAV-2 the preferred vaccine?

A

CAV-2, Provides cross-protection against CAV-1 with less incidence of corneal edema associated with CAV-1 vaccine

38
Q

When should puppies be vaccinated for ICH?

A

Primary 6-12 weeks

Revac 14-16 weeks

39
Q

What is the common name for Canine Infectious Tracheobronchitis (ITB)?

A

Kennel Cough

40
Q

What is the bacterial agent associated with CAV-2 in animals with Kennel Cough?

A

Bordetella bronchiseptica

41
Q

Is ITB very contagious?

A

Yes, it is aerosolized.

42
Q

What signs do we tend to see with “uncomplicated” ITB infections?

A

Coughing-harsh and dry
Rhinitis
serous nasal discharge
occasionally conjunctivitis is seen

43
Q

Signs of “Complicated” ITB

A

Severe pneumonia or bronchopneumonia

44
Q

Diagnostics for ITB

A

PCR, serology, Virus isolation

45
Q

Treatment for ITB

A

Cough suppression, bronchodilation

46
Q

In equines, what do we typically see with most equine adenovirus infecitions?

A

Usually asymptomatic, can present as mild upper or lower respiratory disease

47
Q

What other disease is associated with severe EVA-1 induced respiratory disease in foals?

A

SCID (Severe Combined Immunodeficiency)

48
Q

Foals with severe EAV infections associated with SCID die within _______ months of age.

A

3

49
Q

Clinical signs of EAV infections in SCID foals

A

Severe bronhilitis, pneumonia, Respiratory distress

EAV infections can become generalized and infect other organs.

50
Q

Diseases caused by Avian adenoviruses in chickens

A

Inclusion body hepatitis

egg drop syndrome

RUSVM Virology Fall 2015 (6 decks)

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