Nomenclature

Question 1

alkane chains

(1-4)

Answer 1

meth-

eth-

prop-

but-

Question 2

alkane chains

(5-9)

Answer 2

pent-

hex-

hept-

oct-

non-

Question 3

alkane chains

(10-14)

Answer 3

dec-

undec-

dodec-

tridec-

tetradec-

Question 4

alkane chains

(15-19)

Answer 4

pentadec-

hexadec-

heptadec-

octadec-

nonadec-

Question 5

alkane chains

(20-23)

Answer 5

eicosan-

heneicos-

docosan-

tricosan-

Question 6

alkane chains

(30, 31)

Answer 6

triacont-

hentriacont-

Question 7

alkane chains

(40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100)

Answer 7

tetracont-

pentacont-

hexacont-

heptacont-

octacont-

nonacont-

hect-

Question 8

naming alkanes

Answer 8

1. The longest continuous chain of carbons determines the parent name
2. Number the longest chain beginning with the end of the chain nearer the substituent
3. Use numbers to designate the location of the substituent group
4. When two or more substituents are present, give each substituent a number corresponding to its location on the longest chain
5. When two substituents are present on the same carbon atom, use that number twice
6. When two or more substituents are identical, indicate this by the use of the prefixes di-, tri-, tetra-
7. When two chains of equal length compete for selection as the parent chain, choose the chain with the greater number of substituents
8. When branching first occurs at an equal distance from either end of the longest chain, choose the name that gives the lowest number at the first point of difference

Question 9

1º hydrogen

Answer 9

Question 10

2º hydrogen

Answer 10

Question 11

3º hydrogen

Answer 11

Question 12

naming alkanes

example

Answer 12

2,3,5-Trimethylhexane

Question 13

propyl

Answer 13

Question 14

isopropyl

Answer 14

Question 15

tert-butyl

Answer 15

Question 16

butyl

Answer 16

Question 17

isobutyl

Answer 17

Question 18

sec-butyl

Answer 18

Question 19

isopentyl

Answer 19

Question 20

sec-pentyl

Answer 20

Question 21

neopentyl

Answer 21

Question 31

Me-

Answer 31

methyl

Question 32

Et-

Answer 32

ethyl

Question 33

Pr-

Answer 33

propyl

Question 34

i-Pr-

Answer 34

isopropyl

Question 35

naming alkyl halides

(substitutive)

Answer 35

1. When the parent chain has both a halo and an alkyl substituent attached to it, number the chain from the end nearer the first subtituent, regardless of whether it is halo or alkyl
2. If two substituents are at equal distance from the end of the chain, then number the chain from the end nearer the substituent that has alphabetical precedence

Question 36

naming alkyl halides example

(substitutive)

Answer 36

2-Chloro-4-methylpentane

Question 37

naming haloalkanes

(functional class)

Answer 37

Question 38

naming alkyl halides

example

Answer 38

Ethyl chloride

Question 39

substitutive nomenclature

Answer 39

1. Locant
2. Prefix
3. Parent
4. Suffix

Question 40

naming alcohols

Answer 40

1. Select the longest continuous carbon chain to which the hydroxyl is directly attached
2. Change the name of the alkane corresponding to this chain by dropping the final e and adding the suffix -ol
3. Number the longest continuous carbon chain so as to give the carbon atom bearing the hydroxyl gorup the lower number
4. Indicate the position of the hydroxyl group by using this number as a locant