4.5/7 Classification and variation Flashcards
what is a species
members of a group that can interbreed successfully and have fertile offspring
what are the roles of courtship behaviour (SARRRF)
- species identification
- recognising sexual maturity
- recognising opposite sex
- recognise fertile individuals
- arousal (ability to release gametes)
- forming pair bonds
what is phylogenetic classification
arranges species into groups based on evolutionary relationships
how does classification use hierarchies
smaller groups and within larger groups, no overlap between them
what is the order of taxa
- domain
- kingdom
- phylum
- class
- order
- family
- genus
- species
what is the binomial
how to identify species =
Genus species
how can you assess genetic diversity/variation
- observable characteristics
- base sequence of DNA
- base sequence of mRNA
- amino acid sequence of proteins
- immunological studies (look at the extent of a species-specific antibody binding to complementary antigen related species)
what would be the most likely way to compare WITHIN a species
DNA base sequence - minor variations
what would be the most likely way to compare BETWEEN species
amino acid sequence of proteins - to reduce noise
how to make quantitative comparisons
- collect data from a random sample
- calculate mean and standard deviation
- compare means and SDs and look for overlapping (work within ±2SDs)
what is taxonomy
the study of classification, focussing on identifying, naming and sorting organisms into groups based on their similarities and evolutionary behaviour
what is a hierarchy
larger groups containing smaller groups that do ot overlap
what is a taxon
a group in a classification system
what is speciation
the formation of a new species
