Chapter 4.1-4.2 Vocab

Question 1

average yearly conditions of temperature and precipitation

Answer 1

Climate

Question 2

natural situation heat stays in the Earth because of carbon dioxide, methane, water vapor, and other gases

Answer 2

Greenhouse effect

Question 3

place on the earth where the sun’s rays are not very strong; has cold climate

Answer 3

Polar zone

Question 4

located between polar and tropics, and has moderate climate

Answer 4

Temperate zone

Question 5

warm climate; receives direct sunlight have year round

Answer 5

Tropical zone

Question 6

living factor that influences organisms in an ecosystem

Answer 6

Biotic factor

Question 7

nonliving factor that makes and shapes an ecosystem

Answer 7

Abiotic factor

Question 8

place where an organism lives, along with the biotic and abiotic factors that affect it

Answer 8

Habitat

Question 9

full range of abiotic and biotic factors where an organism lives and the way the organism uses those factors

Answer 9

Niche

Question 10

any necessity in life, such as water, nutrients, light, food and space

Answer 10

Resource

Question 11

ecological rule stating that no two species can live in the same niche in the same place at the same time

Answer 11

Competitive exclusion principle

Question 12

relationship where one organism catches and eats another organism

Answer 12

Predation

Question 13

relationship where two organisms live closely together

Answer 13

Symbiosis

Question 14

symbiotic relationship; both organisms benefit

Answer 14

Mutualism

Question 15

symbiotic relationship; one member benefits where the other member is not being helped or harmed

Answer 15

Commensalism

Question 16

symbiotic relationship where one organism lives on another and harms it

Answer 16

Parasitism

Question 17

slow change in communities that follows a disturbance

Answer 17

Ecological succession

Question 18

succession where no soil exists

Answer 18

Primary succession

Question 19

first species to dominate an area during a primary succession

Answer 19

Pioneer species

Question 20

succession after a disturbance that destroys communities but not the soil

Answer 20

Secondary succession

Question 21

condition of the atmosphere of the earth at a certain time and place

Answer 21

Weather