Nephrology Flashcards
Congenital absence of one kidney. Asymptomatic
Unilateral kidney agenesis
Fusion of lower poles of kidney: common anomaly. Associated with UTI and nephrolithiasis
Horse-shoe kidney
Bladder is everted on abdominal wall
Exstrophy of urinary bladder
Thoracic or pelvic kidney
Ectopic kidney
Kidney cysts; autosomal recessive
Infantile polycystic kidney
AutoZone will dominant; fluid filled cyst, bilaterally. Symptoms are compression of functional nephrons. Loin pain the matter urea loin masses anemia HTN and renal failure
Adult polycystic kidney
Congenital absence of both kidneys. Infants are stillborn
Bilateral renal agenesis
Common in females, E.coli, ascending infection. Clinical features are high fever, rigor, dysuria
Acute pyelonephritis
Complications of acute polynephritis DM patients
Renal papillary nephritis
Common in males, diabetics and people with nephrolithiasis, fibrosis kidney, Glomerular sclerosis. Clinical feature of chronic renal failure
Chronic pyelonephritis
Impact of excessive use of aspirin like drugs – papillary necrosis
Analgesic nephritis
Mercury and lead poisoning – coagulate of necrosis of the tubules
Metal toxicity
Urate crystals deposit in the tubules causing obstruction of fibrosis
Gout
Toxic tubular injuries from Bence jones protein urea
Multiple myeloma
Increased calcium excretion in the urine leading to renal calculi
Hypercalcemia