Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Psychology > Exam 3 > Flashcards

Exam 3 Flashcards

1
Q

Continuity

A

The continuation of life

Baby, individual, adult

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Stages

A

Biologist stand point more specific to periods in life

Infant, toddler, preadolescent, adolescent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Zygote

A

1 sperm and 1 egg together

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

How many eggs will mature in a female

A

1 in 5,000

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

When do men start producing sperm

A

Puberty

Will produce up to 1,000/second at peak

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Differentiation

A

Where, after 1 cell division (about 100) cells are dorm into the specific body cells- heart, cheek, lung, etc

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What areas does developmental psych study

A

Physical, cognitive, and social

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Recognition memory

A

Learn to recognize and certain stimuli so a certain reaction can be made

Ex- a baby learns to react to a mothers voice

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What can compromise recognition memory development

A

Smoking

Alcohol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

FAS

A

Caused by drinking in first trimester and causes facial defects

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Symptoms of FAS

A 
Wide set eyes
Philtrum missing
Thin upper lip
Flat bridge of the nose
Small ears
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Root reflex

A

Turn the way the cheek is stroked

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Suck reflex

A

Suck the way the head is turned

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Grasp reflex

A

Grasp a finger when out into hand

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Babinski reflex

A

Strike bottom of foot, toes spread out

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Startle reflex

A

Scare easily

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Step reflex

A

Hold arms up when feet touch floor the reflex is pushing up

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Visual habituation

A

How babies learn

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

How do babies learn

A

Vision test that tracks fovea when an object is shown then taken away and shown with another object, they look at the first object

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Infantile amnesia

A

Often don’t recall events from less than 3 years because the brain (hippocampus) isn’t mature at birth, when it matures we are not able to remember things from before maturity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What are the 4 stages of Piagets stage theory

A

Birth
Sensorimotor
Pre operational
Concrete operational

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Piagets theory birth

A

Birth to 2 years

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Piagets theory sensorimotor

A

Coordination of sensory input and motor responses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Piagets theory preoperational

A

Start to think about things- symbols, hierarchies
Learn language not logic
Ego central- everything is about me

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Concrete operational

A

Logic thinking- learn that there isn’t an answer for everything

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Explain attachment/stranger anxiety

A

Attachment is based on comfort not food

Based on Charlow’s monkey work

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

What can happen without proper comfort as a child

A

Low IQ, increase anxiety/aggression, poor social skills

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

What happens I puberty

A

Desire to make own decisions, and develop personality

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

What does the prefrontal cortex have to do with puberty

A

It is not full developed until after puberty. So people will do things without having an explanation for it. If it isn’t fully developed, it won’t inhibit bad behavior and impulse control.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Moral/ethical thinking

A

Hypothetical thinking developed after puberty

Has to do with the trolley and bridge dilemma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

List changes in adulthood

A

Body gets old- not as good athletically
Menopause
Viagra- ED
Digestion- Can keep weight off

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

What creates dementia/Alzheimer’s

A

Neurofibulary tangles, that are supposed to be in lines, get messed up in hippocampus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Beta amyloid plaques

A

Garbage in the brain- dying neurons that don’t get cleaned out

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

What will happen in 2030

A

65+ will be 25% of the population and we will have to pay for them

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

Cognition

A

Mental activities associated with thinking, knowing, remembering, and communicating

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

Concepts,

A

Mental grouping of similar ideas, objects, or people, but all have differences- simplifies thinking

Ex concept of a student- hard working, studious individual that goes to school

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

Strategies to facilitate thinking

A

Trial and error
Algorithms
Heuristics
Insight

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

What is insight

A

Aha moment when everything clicks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

What is trial and error

A

Operant conditioning- do you get a reward or not

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

Heuristics

A

Simpler, vague, but more flexible than algorithms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

Algorithms

A

Step by step procedure that guarantees an outcome

Only gets the correct outcome when everything is don’t correctly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

Problems with judgement

A 
Conformational bias
Mental set
Intuition
Heuristics
Overconfidence
Belief perseverance
Framing
43
Q

Language steps

A 
1babbling-4 mo babbles
2babbling-10 mo household words
1 word stage-12 mo
2 word stage (phrases)-24 mo
Sentences-2+ years happens overnight basically
44
Q

Critical period

A

Up to 7 years

When a 2n language would need to be learned in order to be mastered

45
Q

What side of the brain is language on

A

Left

46
Q

Aphasia

A

Language impairment due to brain damage

47
Q

Broca’s area

A

Frontal part of brain

Lose the ability to produce language but not understand it

48
Q

Wernickes area

A

Can produce words but not sentences

Can’t understand others either

49
Q

Arcuate fasciclus

A

Lesion of Arcuate fasciclus- between wernickes and broca where symptoms of both are shown but both parts are functioning

50
Q

Creative person characteristics

A

Independent
Willingness to structure a prob
Preference for complexity
Need for stimulating interaction

51
Q

Intelligence

A

Mental capacity to house knowledge, reason and solve problems effectively

52
Q

Mental age

A

Age at which an individual answers a certain amount of question that they should know at a certain age

53
Q

Chonological age

A

Actual age

Ex- me:18

54
Q

IQ

A

Mental age divided by chronological age x 100
Cultural dependent
Goes down with age
Doesn’t account for chronological age change

55
Q

Motivation

A

Factors (need/drive) that causes us to behave

56
Q

Instinctive theory

A

Unlearned behaviors propagated in a pattern throughout the species-poor job of explaining motivation

Cockroach running through the dark and a light is shined on it

57
Q

Drive reduction theory

A

Physiological need that creates a drive inside the person that motivates behavior to decrease a drive
Operates among the idea of homeostasis

58
Q

Arousal theory

A

Works off the idea that behavior is designed to seek an optimal state of arousal

59
Q

Hierarchy of needs

A

Will disregard higher parts to get lower parts

Sex, food, to safety, to love and belonging, to esteem, to self actuality ion

60
Q

Shutting off eatingk

A

Cholecystokinin (CCK) from duodenum is released and sent to brain to shut off hunger

61
Q

Lateral hypothalamus

A

Turns off eating
Lesions produce hagia (stop eating)
Stimulation produces eating

62
Q

Medial hypothalamus

A

Turn on eating
Lesions produce hyperplagia (eating)
Stimulation turns off eating

This part of Brian is affected by CCK

63
Q

Nature vs Nurture

A

Genes vs environment

64
Q

What factors control eating

A 
Memory
Need for nutrients
Social facilitation
Unit bias
Food variety
65
Q

Masters and Johnson

A

Filmed over 10K sexual acts to determine stages

66
Q

Stages of sex

A

Excitement
Plateau
Orgasm
Resolution

67
Q

Excitement stage

A

Correlates with estrogen levels in females

68
Q

Orgasm stage

A

Similar with male and female

69
Q

Similarities and differences in men and women

A

SimilAr-
Orgasm
Arousal by erotica

Differences-
Braine regions where arousal occurs
Men have more sex fantasies

70
Q

What causes an erection

A

Nitric oxide which increases blood flow to penis

71
Q

Straight forwar response

A

The more dopamine in the MPOA the bigger chance for a male to copulate

72
Q

What do testosterone and estradiol do during sexual activity

A

Release dopamine from the medial preoptic area

73
Q

What do low amounts of DA cause

A

Causes NT to combine with D1 and D5 receptors to increase erection and sexual postures

74
Q

What do high amounts of DA cause

A

DA binds to D2 receptors to produce orgasm

75
Q

What is a possible cause of sex addiction

A

High amounts of DA, because it is similar to what drugs do

76
Q

Job vs career vs calling

A

Job- something they do for money
Career- do it to seek advancement
Calling- do it because you are meant to do it in life

77
Q

Advancement motivation

A

Desire for significant accomplishment

78
Q

Task leadership

A

Goal oriented, organized work, focuses attention

79
Q

Intrinsic

A

Desire to engage in activity for ones sake

80
Q

Extrinsic

A

Desire to engage in activity for a reward

81
Q

Over justification

A

Process which extrinsic rewards displace internal motivation

82
Q

What provides motivation

A

Extrinsic and intrinsic feelings/rewards

83
Q

What can rewards in work do

A

Motivate someone to do something to do something they don’t want to
Increase intrinsic motivation if given for good performance
Impair intrinsic if not given for good cause

84
Q

Stages of emotion

A

Physiological arousal
Cognitive interpretation
Subjective feeling
Bahavioral expression

85
Q

Pysiological arousal

A

Biological response

Happens quickly

86
Q

Cognitive interpretation

A

In stressed environment cortisol is released makes a high stress level
2 glasses of wine releases cortisol which causes a low stress level
Different things cause you to interpret it differently

87
Q

Fast response system

A

Not accurate
Linked to implicit memory
Processes stimuli quickly to search for threats

88
Q

Conscious response system

A

More accurate
Linked to explicit memory
Slower, gives time to think and process the event before reacting

89
Q

James Lange theory

A

Stimuli produces physical response that turns into emotion- doesn’t give time for psychological response

90
Q

Cannon board theory

A

Stimuli produces cognitive appraisal which produces physical and emotional response at same time-

91
Q

2 factor theory

A

Canon and James put together- stimuli produces psysiolgical response and cognitive appraisal at same time to produce a response

92
Q

Primeing

A

Emotions altering behavior without being concious of it

93
Q

How to detect lying

A 
Reduced eye contact
Less blinking
Little hand movement
Repeating story
Dilated pupils
94
Q

Stages of emotion

A

Anger

Happy

95
Q

Anger

A 
Harmful potential
Vent (culture specific)
Expressing anger
Males- like to be alone or exercise
Females- talk it out
96
Q

Happy

A

Feel safer
More confident
More apt to help
Serve more

97
Q

Joy vs happiness

A

Happiness- dependent on anevent

Joy- personality trait

98
Q

Types of stress

A

Culture shock
Catastrophes
Life changes
Daily hassles of life

99
Q

Stress response

A

Brain releases epi/norepinephrine/ cortisol produces flight of fight

100
Q

Difference in men and women in stress

A

Men- drink, isolate, be aggressive,

Women- tend, befriend, talk about it

101
Q

Type A person

A

Time conscious, motivated, easily angered, impatient, verbally aggressive
More likely to die of a heart attack

102
Q

Type B person

A

Easy going

103
Q

Short/ long term stress

A

Short can be good and bad

Long can increase Risk of disease

104
Q

How to live a better life

A

Seek social support
Optimism
Practice faith
Reduce stress

Psychology (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions