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Chemistry > Key Area 2.1 - Homologous Series > Flashcards

Key Area 2.1 - Homologous Series Flashcards

1
Q

What is a homologous series

A

A family of compounds with similar chemical properties that can be represented by the same general formula

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2
Q

Name the alkanes

A 
Methane
Ethane
Propane
Butane
Pentane
Hexane
Heptane
Octane
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3
Q

What is the general formula for alkanes

A

CnH2n+2

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4
Q

What is a fraction

A

A group of hydrocarbons which have boiling points within a given range

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5
Q

What is fractional distillation

A

Crude oil is separated into fractions by fractional distillation. This is the separation of crude oil using the varying boiling points of the liquid

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6
Q

Name the fractions

A 
Refinery gas
Gasoline
Kerosine
Diesel fuels
Lubricating oils
Fuel oil
Bitumen
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7
Q

What are the uses for the fraction - Refinery Gas

A

Heating and cooking

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8
Q

What are the uses for the fraction - Naptha

A

Petrol

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9
Q

What are the uses for the fraction - Kerosine

A

Heating and jet fuel

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10
Q

What are the uses for the fraction - diesel

A

Train car and Lorry fuel

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11
Q

What are the uses for the fraction - lubricating oils

A

Oils and waxes

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12
Q

What are the uses for the fraction - fuel oil

A

Central heating and factory fuels

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13
Q

What are the uses for the fraction - bitumen

A

Roofing and tar for roads

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14
Q

Describe the ease of evaporation

A

High to low

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15
Q

Describe the size of molecules

A

Small to large

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16
Q

Describe the boiling point

A

Low to high

17
Q

Describe the viscosity

A

Low to high

18
Q

Describe the flammability

A

High to low

19
Q

What is the general formula for the alkanes

A

CnH2n

20
Q

What is the general formula for cycloalkanes

A

CnH2n

21
Q

What is the general formula for cycloalkenes

A

CnH2n-2

22
Q

What molecules are saturated

A

Single bonds

Alkanes

23
Q

What is an addition reaction

A

Alkenes are more reactive as they contain a double bond. During this reaction the double bond breaks and a molecule such as bromine adds on across the bond

24
Q

Why is bromine water addition reactions

A

Naturally brown in colour but when reacted with alkenes it turns colourless immediately

25
Q

What is a hydrocarbon

A

Compounds which contain hydrogen and Carbon only

26
Q

What is catalytic cracking

A

A chemical reaction which breaks large hydrocarbons into smaller unsaturated and saturated molecules using a catalyst such as aluminium oxide

Chemistry (14 decks)

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