Pharmacologic Treatment Flashcards
Describe the effect of HRT on post menopausal symptoms
HRT is effective at relieving post menopausal symptoms such as hot flashes and vaginal dryness
Describe the effect of HRT on osteoporotic fractures
HRT decreases risk for these fractures
Describe the effect of HRT on coronary heart disease
HRT causes a 22% increase in total cardiovascular disease and a 29% increase in risk of MI and coronary disease
List 3 of the most popular types of HRT
- Premarin
- prempro
- orthoprefest
How do SERMs differ from estrogen?
SERMs, such as raloxifone, mimic effects of estrogen in while simultaneously blocking its effects in other tissues
Advantages of raloxifene?
Effective at preventing post menopausal osteoporosis without causing endometrial proliferation or increasing the risk of breast CA. Also improves lipid profile.
Disadvantages of raloxifene?
Increase in venous thrombosis as well as hot flashes and cramps
How do biphosphates prevent bone resorption?
Bind to mineralized bone surfaces and inhibit osteoclastic activity
Advantages of biphosphates?
Prevention and tx of osteoporosis
Only med approved for to of osteoporosis in men?
Alendronate
Disadvantages of bisphosphonates?
- abdominal and musculoskeletal pain
- nausea
- heartburn
- irritation of esophagus
Currently available bisphosphonates (4):
-alendronate, risendronate, zoledronic acid, ibandronate
How does calcitonin prevent bone resorption?
Increases levels of Ca and K in the bones and lowers levels of Ca in blood
Advantages of calcitonin?
Reduces risk of new VCF, occasionally able to relieve pain of spinal fractures
Disadvantages of calcitonin?
Minimal risks
Nasal form can cause upset stomach, diarrhea
Least effective osteoporosis med
