Clicker Questions

Question 1

Most potassium reabsorption occurs at which of the following sites?

Answer 1

proximal convoluted tubule

Question 2

Which of the following cells play a major role in the secretion of potassium?

Answer 2

Principal Cells

Question 3

Which of the following plays a major role in stimulating potassium excretion by the kidney tubules?

Answer 3

Aldosterone

Question 4

Approximately how much of the body’s supply of calcium is stored in bone?

Answer 4

99%

Question 5

How much of filtered calcium is excreted by the kidneys?

Answer 5

1%

Question 6

Which of the following cells reabsorb potassium during potassium depletion?

Answer 6

Intercalated Cells

Question 7

A high potassium intake would have what effects on potassium excretion associated with increased renal tubular flow rate?

Answer 7

There would be little effect

Question 8

Which of the following describes a valid change in potassium distribution due to an acid-base abnormality?

Answer 8

Metabolic acidosis increases extracellular K+ concentration

Question 9

Which of the following buffer system is the most important in buffering renal tubular fluid?

Answer 9

Phosphate buffer system

Question 10

Compounds that dissociate incompletely into H ions and a conjugate base are members of which of the following compounds?

Answer 10

weak acids

Question 11

The bicarbonate buffer system consists of a bicarbonate salt and which of the following

Answer 11

weak acid

Question 12

Which of the following buffer systems is the most important Extracellular buffer system?

Answer 12

Bicarbonate buffer system

Question 13

Primary active H+ secretion involves a H+ transporting ATPase. It occurs in which of the following parts of the renal tubules

Answer 13

Late distal tubules in the intercalated cells

Question 14

Most bicarbonate reabsorption occurs in which of the following parts of the renal tubule?

Answer 14

proximal tubule

Question 15

Which of the following occurs when a decrease in bicarbonate ion results in a decrease in the ratio of bicarbonate ion to carbon dioxide int eh extracellular fluid?

Answer 15

Metabolic acidosis

Question 16

Respiratory alkalosis due to a decrease in CO2 concentration caused by hyperventilation is compensated for by which of the following mechanisms?

Answer 16

Renal excretion of bicarbonate ion.

Question 17

The thin descending loop of Henle is highly permeable to

Answer 17

water

Question 18

Aldosterone is an important regulator of sodium reabsorption and potassium secretion; one of its main targets is:

Answer 18

Principal cells

Question 19

The macula dense is found in which of the following parts of the renal tubule?

Answer 19

Distal convoluted tubule

Question 20

Which of the following would be a result of increased levels of angiotensin II?

Answer 20

increased vasoconstriction

Question 21

A 1-sodium, 2-choloride, 1-potassium co-transporter is found in the luminal membrane of which part of the renal tubule?

Answer 21

Thick ascending limb of henle

Question 22

ADH is formed in the supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei. IT is secreted by specialized neurons from the following area

Answer 22

Posterior Pituitary

Question 23

Acidosis occurs when the ratio of bicarbonate ion to carbon dioxide in the extracellular fluid decreases. When this change is due to a decrease in bicarbonate ion, it is called respiratory acidosis T/F

Answer 23

False

Question 24

The volume by which the lungs and thorax incase for each unit of pressure change in the transpulmonary pressure is referred to as:

Answer 24

compliance

Question 25

During heavy exercise blood flow through the lungs increases for to seven times that at rest. This incase is due to which of the following?

Answer 25

ALL OF THE ABOVE:

Incase in the number of open capillaries up to 3 times normal
Dissension of capillaries and doubling in the flow rate
increase in pulmonary arterial pressure

Question 26

the Va/Q ratio is bro under which of the following conditions?

Answer 26

Va=0, but perfusion is greater than zero

Question 27

According to the oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curve, and incase in blood partial oxygen pressure will have which o the following effects?

Answer 27

Increase in bound oxygen

Question 28

Reduction of blood flow to a portion of the lung has which of the following effects?

Answer 28

Alveolar pCO2 is lowered, resulting in a constriction of the bronchi supplying that portion of the lung.

Question 29

One gram of hemoglobin can bind to how much oxygen?

Answer 29

1.34 ml of oxygen

Question 30

Above an intracellular PO2 of 1mm Hg, the limiting factor for cellular chemical reactions

Answer 30

ADP

Question 31

Where is lowest osmolarity when ADH is low?

Answer 31

Late distal convoluted tubule

Question 32

Where is ADH formed?

Answer 32

Magnocellular neurons in: Supraoptic nuclei, paraventricular nuclei

Question 33

Which of the following buffer systems is most important in buffering renal tubular fluid? a) phosphate buffer system b) carbonate buffer system c) bicarbonate buffer system d) hemoglobin buffer system

Answer 33

Phosphate buffer