S1B6 - Inflammation Flashcards
What are the causes of non-necrotizing (non-caseating) granulomas?
Which WBCs are more often involved in bacterial infections, and which are more often involved in viral infections?
Neutrophils are more often involved in BACTERIAL infections, lymphocytes/monocytes more often in VIRAL infections.
Which chemical mediator of inflammation modulates a variety of pathways involved with immunity, neutrophil activation, monocyte activation, and stimulate hematopoiesis?
A) Histamine
B) Serotonin
C) Compliment
D) Activated Hageman factor (factor XIIa)
E) Prostaglandins
F) Cytokines
G) Free Radicals
Cytokines
What are the three main types of inflammation?
Acute, chronic, and granulomatous (really a subset of chronic)
Endothelial molecule E-selectin associates with which leukocyte molecule?
A) Sialyl-Lewis X-modified proteins
B) L-selectin
C) CD11/CD18 integrins (LFA-1, Mac-1)
D) VLA-4 integrin
Sialyl-Lewis X-modified proteins
What is the dark side of inflammation?
But inflammation has a dark side. Repair (as we will discuss in wound healing) usually does not result in complete regeneration of tissue and very likely results in scar. Complete function may not return to the tissue.
Which is responsible for adhesion, arrest, transmigration (neutrophils, monocytes, lymphocytes)?
A) P-selectin
B) E-selectin
C) GlyCam-1, CD34
D) ICAM-1
E) VCAM-1
ICAM-1
Infiltration by what kind of WBCs characterize chronic inflammation (compared to acute inflammation)?
Characterized by infiltration by mononuclear inflammatory cells (lymphocytes, monocytes, plasma cells) along with macrophages.
(acute inflammation is characterized by neutrophils)
Endothelial molecule GlyCam, CD34 associate with which leukocyte molecule?
A) Sialyl-Lewis X-modified proteins
B) L-selectin
C) CD11/CD18 integrins (LFA-1, Mac-1)
D) VLA-4 integrin
L-selectin
Which chemical mediator of inflammation contributes to pain and fever in the inflammatory process?
A) Histamine
B) Serotonin
C) Compliment
D) Activated Hageman factor (factor XIIa)
E) Prostaglandins
F) Cytokines
G) Free Radicals
Prostaglandins
Which is responsible for adhesion of eosinophils, monocytes, and lymphocytes?
A) P-selectin
B) E-selectin
C) GlyCam-1, CD34
D) ICAM-1
E) VCAM-1
VCAM-1
Who is the key player in the chronic inflammatory response?
The macrophage!
Endothelial molecule ICAM-1 associates with what leukocyte molecule?
A) Sialyl-Lewis X-modified proteins
B) L-selectin
C) CD11/CD18 integrins (LFA-1, Mac-1)
D) VLA-4 integrin
CD11/CD18 integrins (LFA-1, Mac-1)
Which is responsible for rolling neutrophils and monocytes?
A) P-selectin
B) E-selectin
C) GlyCam-1, CD34
D) ICAM-1
E) VCAM-1
GlyCam-1, CD34
What is the defect of Chronic granulomatous disease?
What is the difference between the X-linked and autosomal recessive types?
Decreased oxidative burst
- X-linked: phagocyte oxidase (membrane component)
- Autosomal recessive: phagocyte oxidase (cytopasmic components)
What is the defect of leukocyte adhesion deficiency 2?
Defective leukocyte adhesion because of mutations in fucosyl transferase required for synthesis of sialylated oligosaccaride (ligand for selectins).
What are the histologic features of chronic inflammation?
What is a granuloma?
Which chemical mediator of inflammation vasodilates the microvascular system but paradoxically constricts larger arteries (so as to promote stasis)?
A) Histamine
B) Serotonin
C) Compliment
D) Activated Hageman factor (factor XIIa)
E) Prostaglandins
F) Cytokines
G) Free Radicals
Histamine
Which morphologic pattern of inflammation is shown?
A) Serous
B) Fibrinous
C) Suppurative
D) Ulceration
What are the causes of necrotizing (caseating) granulomas?
Which morphologic pattern of inflammation is shown?
A) Serous
B) Fibrinous
C) Suppurative
D) Ulceration
Which chemical mediator of inflammation accounts for much of tissue injury in the inflammatory response?
A) Histamine
B) Serotonin
C) Compliment
D) Activated Hageman factor (factor XIIa)
E) Prostaglandins
F) Cytokines
G) Free Radicals
Free Radicals
Endothelium molecule VCAM-1 associates with what leukocyte molecule?
A) Sialyl-Lewis X-modified proteins
B) L-selectin
C) CD11/CD18 integrins (LFA-1, Mac-1)
D) VLA-4 integrin
VLA-4 integrin
Which chemical mediator of inflammation has inactive components that become activated and help increase vascular permeability?
A) Histamine
B) Serotonin
C) Compliment
D) Activated Hageman factor (factor XIIa)
E) Prostaglandins
F) Cytokines
G) Free Radicals
Compliment
What causes a granuloma?
What type of WBCs characterize granulomatous inflammation?
activated macrophages (histiocytes)
Which chemical mediator of inflammation is released from platelets as they aggregate; acts similar to histamine?
A) Histamine
B) Serotonin
C) Compliment
D) Activated Hageman factor (factor XIIa)
E) Prostaglandins
F) Cytokines
G) Free Radicals
Serotonin
Which plays a major role in rolling (neutrophils, monocytes, T lymphocytes)?
A) P-selectin
B) E-selectin
C) GlyCam-1, CD34
D) ICAM-1
E) VCAM-1
P-selectin
Which morphologic pattern of inflammation is shown?
A) Serous
B) Fibrinous
C) Suppurative
D) Ulceration
How do WBC’s get to the site of injury?
Endothelial molecule P-selectin associates with what leukocyte molecule?
A) Sialyl-Lewis X-modified proteins
B) L-selectin
C) CD11/CD18 integrins (LFA-1, Mac-1)
D) VLA-4 integrin
Sialyl-Lewis X-modified proteins
What is the defect of MPO deficiency?
Decreased microbial killing because of defective MPO–H2O2 system.
What is the leukocyte defect of Chediak-Higashi syndrome?
Decreased leukocyte functions because of mutations affecting protein involved in lysosomal membrane traffic.
Which is responsible for rolling and adhesion (neutrophils, monocytes, T lymphocytes)?
A) P-selectin
B) E-selectin
C) GlyCam-1, CD34
D) ICAM-1
E) VCAM-1
E-selectin
What are the vascular changes of inflammation?
What are the 4 parts of ulceration?
What are the “classic” latin descriptors of inflammation?
What is the defect of leukocyte adhesion deficiency 1?
Defective leukocyte adhesion because of mutations in beta chain of CD11/CD18 integrins.
What are the two major events that occur on the cellular level during inflammation?
Which chemical mediator of inflammation initiates the clotting system?
A) Histamine
B) Serotonin
C) Compliment
D) Activated Hageman factor (factor XIIa)
E) Prostaglandins
F) Cytokines
G) Free Radicals
Activated Hageman factor (factor XIIa)
Which morphologic pattern of inflammation is shown?
A) Serous
B) Fibrinous
C) Suppurative
D) Ulceration
Which is characterized by mobilization of fluid and neutrophils into tissues?
A) Acute inflammation
B) Chronic inflammation
Acute inflammation
