1.3 Flashcards
What are the four types of micronutrients?
Minerals, vitamins, water, fibre
What are the three main groups of carbohydrates?
Mono, di and poly saccharides
What is the basic structure of monosaccharides?
One oxygen atom and two hydrogen atoms for each carbon atom present
Sucrose is made from what?
Glucose + fructose
Lactose is made from what?
Glucose + galactose
Maltose is made from what?
Glucose + Glucose
What are the three types of macronutrients?
Carbs, proteins and lipids
What is amylose?
An unbranched polymer that is used for the storage of energy.
What shape does amylose form?
A spiral
What is amylopectin?
A branched polymer of glucose molecules used for quick release energy
What is the storage molecule for animals?
Glycogen
Is glycogen branched or unbranched?
Branched
What are fats and lipids made up of?
A fatty acid and glycerol
What is a the structure of fatty acids?
Long hydrocarbon chains that are made up of a pleated backbone of carbon atoms attached to a carbonyl group at one end
What is the common length of carbon chains in a fatty acid backbone?
15-17 carbon atoms long