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Rad Therapy > Overview Of Radiation Therapy > Flashcards

Overview Of Radiation Therapy Flashcards

1
Q

High level radiation is in

A

Megavoltage

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2
Q

It destroys the cell ability to divide or multiply

A

Law of bergonie and tribondeau

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3
Q

Damage to healthy cells are the reason for

A

Side effects of radiotherapy

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4
Q

Goal of Radiotherapy

A

Curative

Palliative

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5
Q

Curative

A

Cure from cancer

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6
Q

Palliative

A

Relieve symptoms

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7
Q

Curative is also called

A

Radical radiotherapy

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8
Q

Considered emergency cases in radiotherapy

A

Bone metastasis with spinal cord compression
Cases with profuse bleeding
Mass obstructing the lungs
Brain matastasis

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9
Q

Aim of radiotherapy

A

Deliver a PRECISE measured dose of radiation to a DEFINED tumor volume

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10
Q

Members of radiotherapy team

A

Radiation Oncologist
Medical Phycist/Dosimetrist
Radiotherapy Technologist

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11
Q

Sample of immobilization devices

A

Alpha Cradle

Thermoplastic mask

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12
Q

Two forms of radiotherapy

A 
External Beam (Teletherapy)
Internal Beam (Brachytherapy)
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13
Q

Given to a careful defined area through a machine that directs the high energy rays from outside the body at the cancer and the normal tissues

A

External Radiation Therapy

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14
Q

Places the source of the inside the body, as close as possible to the cancer cells

A

Internal Radiation Theraphy

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15
Q

The radioactive substances used typically include

A

Radium
Cesium
Iodine
Phosphorus

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16
Q

2 types of external beam radiation

A

Photon beam

Proton beam

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17
Q

The dose prescribed by the Radiation Oncologist to be received by the patient that must be absorbed at the tumor site from the radiation beam

A

Dose of Radiation

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18
Q

Unit of absorbed dose

A

Gray (Gy)

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19
Q

Made under simulated condition will assure the delivery of the exact prescribed dose

A

Detailed measurement

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20
Q

Dose of Radiation determination

A

Size tumor
Extent tumor
Grade of tumor
Response to radiation

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21
Q

Largest amount of dose that can be accepted without the production of injurious symptoms

A

Tolerance Dose

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22
Q

Factors affecting tolerance dose

A

Dose per fraction/dose rate
Volume irradiated
Sensitivity of the tissues
Amount of recovery which can take place between fractions

23
Q

The dose that can be tolerated by normal tissue in the treatment zone varies with the total time over which the dose is given

A

Dose per fraction/dose rate

24
Q

Dose that could be given in a longer period of time is ____ than given over a short period

A

Larger

25
Q

Alter the biological effect

A

Size of each fraction dose

Time interval between the fractions

26
Q

The higher the fraction dose

A

The greater the late damage potential

27
Q

The smaller the volume to be treated

A

The higher total dose which may be tolerated

28
Q

The type of tissue treated, poor dietary of fluid intake or concomitant drug treatment, may affect the level of dose tolerated

A

Patient and Biological Factors

29
Q

Good oxygenation increases the chance of radiation damage to cells

A

Oxygen effect

30
Q

Large cell mass where there is no organized blood supply

A

Hypoxic

31
Q

If the number of cells doubles within the time interval between two fractions, treatment may fail

A

Cell Doubling Time

32
Q

The administration of a course of radiation treatment in a planned series of fractions of total dose

A

Fractionation

33
Q

Fractionation is needed to

A

Allow recovery of normal cells while depleting the number of surviving tumor cells

34
Q

Some patients (head and neck) are at survival disadvantage

A

If treatment duration is lengthened

35
Q

Fractionation Regimes

A

Conventional fractionated courses
Less than 5 fractions per week
Reason for lowered fractionation regimes

36
Q

Consist of once-daily doses given 5 days per week, recovery period at weekend

A

Conventional fractionated courses

37
Q

Once, twice, or three times weekly treatments with higher dose of radiation

A

Less than 5 fractions per week

38
Q

Fewer visits and less traveling time for patients
Shortage of treatment machine
Clinical indications

A

Reason for lowered fractionation regimes

39
Q

Shortening the treatment course duration but giving a high number of small fractions

A

Hyperfractionation

40
Q

Given to rumors with a fast cell-doubling time such as 5 days

A

Hyperfractionation

41
Q

Three distinct region for target volume

A

Gross tumor volume
Clinical target volume
Planning target volume

42
Q

Denotes the demonstrable tumor

A

Gross tumor volume

43
Q

Denotes the GTV and subclinical disease

A

Clinical target volume

44
Q

Denotes the CTV and includes margins for geometric/position uncertainties

A

Planning Target Volume

45
Q

Volume of tissue enclosed by an isodose surface

A

Treated volume

46
Q

Is always larger than the PTV and usually has a simpler shape

A

Treated volume

47
Q

Volume of tissue that receives a dose considered significant in relation to tissue tolerance

A

Irradiated volume

48
Q

Necessary to make the marks permanent for the basis of body alignment

A

Tattoo Process

49
Q

Factors to consider for side effects

A

Total dose delivered
Time over which the dose was delivered
Volume irradiated

50
Q

Side effects are generally limited to the

A

Region of the body being treated

51
Q

A skin condition that is a common side effect of radiation Theraphy

A

Radiation Dermatitis

52
Q

Radiation can affect the membranes of the mouth and GI Tract causing discomfort

A

Nutritional problems

53
Q

Most common side effects of radiation therapy

A

Fatigue

54
Q

The use of high level radiation to destroy cancer cells

A

Radiation Therapy

Rad Therapy (5 decks)

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